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Social Studies 11 > Citizens Effecting Change > Flashcards

Citizens Effecting Change Flashcards

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1
Q

democracy

A

a system of government in which people freely choose in elections who will govern them; the principles and ideals of such a government, including free speech and the rule of law

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2
Q

civil servant

A

someone who works for a government department

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3
Q

lobbyist

A

a person hired to represent the interests of a pressure group by influencing policy decision makers in the groups favour

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4
Q

bureaucrats

A

government officials and administrators

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5
Q

public service

A

the government administration

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6
Q

spin doctors

A

people who publicize in a positive way the words and actions of politicians

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7
Q

civil disobedience

A

the act of intentionally breaking the law while protesting laws one considers unjust

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8
Q

Examples of civil disobedience

A

Gandhi, Martin Luther King Jr.,Nelson Madela.

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9
Q

apartheid

A

an official policy of racial segregation involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against non-whites

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10
Q

What are the 3 principles of civil disobedience?

A
  1. Should not involve violence
  2. directed against laws that are seriously harmful
  3. requires taking responsibility for one’s actions, willingness to face punishment shows the strength of ones beliefs
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11
Q

ideology

A

political and social principles or beliefs

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12
Q

How is Canada governed?

A

political parties

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13
Q

direct democracy

A

a system in which citizens vote directly on every issue

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14
Q

Why is direct democracy impractical?

A

because of large populations

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15
Q

representative democracies

A

a system in which citizens elect a politician who then makes decisions for them

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16
Q

Political philosophies under democracy

A

Socialism, Liberalism, and Conservatism

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17
Q

socialism

A

a political and economic system in which the means of production and distribution in a country are publicly owned and controlled for the benefit of all members of a society

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18
Q

liberalism

A

a political philosophy supporting individual freedoms and governmental protection of civil liberties

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19
Q

Conservatism

A

a political philosophy supporting traditional values and institutions and opposing sudden change

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20
Q

authoritarian

A

a form of government in which one individual or small group holds all the power and directs the lives of citizens

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21
Q

Totalitarianism governments:

A

Communism and Fascism

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22
Q

bourgeoisie

A

the ruling or middle class

23
Q

proletariat

A

the workers or lowest class

24
Q

communism

A

a social and economic ideology that believes property, production, and distribution of goods and services should be owned by the public and that the labour force should be organized for the benefit of all members of society.

25
Q

How did communist states maintain their power?

A

through propaganda, secret police, and government control of its citizens

26
Q

fascism

A

an authoritarian system of government that exercises complete power, political opposition or individual freedom is forbidden

27
Q

Political Ideology (list political parties)

A

Left Wing: Communism
Left-Center: Socialism, Liberalism
Center-Right: Conservatism
Right Wing: Fascism

28
Q

Left Wing

A
  1. Supports change to improve the welfare of all citizens
  2. Government should play a larger role in peoples lives, especially in providing social services
  3. law and order are important to protect the rights of all citizens fairly and equally
29
Q

Center

A
  1. Tradition is important, but change must be supported if most people want it
  2. government should play a role only when it improves the lives of citizens
  3. law and order are important to encourage and protect the rights of individuals
30
Q

Right Wing

A
  1. Tradition is important, change should be treated with caution
  2. government should play a small role in a capitalist system. Private businesses should ensure the needs of citizens are met
  3. law and order are important to protect society and its traditions
31
Q

Party platform

A

a list of priorities and a plan for governing published by a political party

32
Q

libertarianism

A

a political ideology that supports maximum individual freedom and minimal government involvement in the lives of its citizens

33
Q

patronage

A

a favour, often a government position, given in return for political support

34
Q

populism

A

a political movement that advocates the interests of ordinary people, important in BC

35
Q

Parties to the right of center want..

A

less government involvement and lower taxes

36
Q

Parties to the left of center want

A

more government involvement and think that taxes should pay for needed services

37
Q

ad valorem tax

A

a tax that is proportional to the value of goods

38
Q

excise tax

A

an added tax on certain goods produced or sold in the country, for example alcohol, gas

39
Q

surplus

A

the amount of money remaining when a government takes in more than it spends

40
Q

deficit

A

the amount of money a government owes when it takes in less money than it spends

41
Q

cabinet solidarity

A

the custom that Cabinet members must not show disagreement with government policies

42
Q

How are members of cabinet chosen?

A

by the prime minister

43
Q

Order-in-Council

A

an order signed by the Governor General on the advice of the prime minster and Cabinet; allows laws and regulations to be passed without a parliamentary vote

44
Q

How does a bill become a law?

A
  1. First Reading: bill in introduced to House of Commons
  2. Second Reading: the principle and purpose of the bill is debated
  3. Committee Stage: examines the bill; may make amendments
  4. Report Stage: reviews amendments to the bill
  5. Third Reading: final opportunity to review and amend the bill
  6. Senate: bill is sent to senate (follows similar process)
  7. Royal Assent: Governor General gives bill royal assent (becomes law)
45
Q

royal assent

A

the final stage a bill must complete before it is passed into law in which the Governor General signs or grants approval for the bill

46
Q

House of Commons

A

the first legislative body of parliament whose members are elected

47
Q

Party whip

A

a member of the legislature assigned the specific role of ensuring all members of his or her party are present in the legislature to support party interests

48
Q

free vote

A

members voting according to their own conscience

49
Q

prorogue Parliament

A

to suspend Parliament for a period of time upon the prime ministers request to the Governor General

50
Q

pollsters

A

people who conduct public opinion polls

51
Q

enumeration

A

process of compiling a list of voters

52
Q

first past the post

A

an electoral system in which the candidate who has more votes than any other candidate wins

53
Q

single transferable vote

A

an electoral system in which parties gain seats by the proportion of votes won in large electoral districts. proposal was rejected

Social Studies 11 (12 decks)

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