population ecology Flashcards
define populaton
a group of conspecifics inhabiting the same area
define geographical range
the physical area that is inhabited by a population
define clumped distribution
small groups that are spread throughout a habitat
define spaced distribution
lone individuals spread from birthplace in search of breeding/feeding ground
define random distribution (seeds)
population scattered by other factors- wind etc
define fecundity
the highest potential output of of young by individuals
define fertility
the actual output of young when limiting factors are considered
what are the 5 reproductive phases? (B, JP, RP, PRP, D)
birth, birth phase, juvenile phase, post juvenile phase, death
what is the longest life phase?
reproductive phase
define mortality
number of deaths per population per time unit
what do survivorship curves display?
probability of an individual reaching maximum life expectancy
define type 1 survivorship curve (k strategist)
low mortality until PRP
define type 2 survivorship curve
constant linear decline
define type 3 survivorship curve (r strategist)
high probability of death in JP, remains constantly high throughout life
define the life history theorem. (life events, k or r?)
the time at which life stages occur define what kind of strategist the animal is
define closed population
one not subject to immi/emigration
define density independent growth (fecundity)
unconstrained growth of a population
define density independent factor
mortality is not affected by population density
define regulation of abundance (balance of pop)
when population increases during breeding season, dispersal and mortality balance it
define carrying capacity
stable equilibrium around which a population fluctuates
define natality
the number of young born in a given time
does population size increase linearly or logarithmically with a doubling of fecundity rates?
logarithmically
define longevity
age at death
which kind of strategists would you expect to find a higher number of individuals in PRP?
k