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Virology > Polyoma, Papilloma, Adeno > Flashcards

Polyoma, Papilloma, Adeno Flashcards

1
Q

Which virus families are oncoviruses (cause cancer)?

A
  1. Polyomaviridae
  2. Papillomaviridae
  3. Adenoviridae
  4. Herpesviridae
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2
Q

What are the 2 tumor suppressor genes that prevent cancer?

A
  1. Rb
  2. p53
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3
Q

How does Rb work?

A

Binds to E2F and prevents activation of cell cycle genes
-cell cycle stops

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4
Q

How does p53 work?

A

Responds to DNA damage by doing apoptosis or stops cell cycle

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5
Q

True or false: Only Papillomavirade and Polyomaviridae have proteins that disrupt Rb and p53

A

False
1. Polyoma
2. Papilloma
3. Adeno
all have proteins that encode proteins that disrupt Rb & p53

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6
Q

What pathogens are in polyomaviridae?

A
  1. Human polyomaviruses (10 types, only 1 causes cancer) 10 to 70% of people are infected
  2. Merkel Cell polyomavirus (causes cancer)
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7
Q

What pathogens are in papillomaviridae?

A
  1. Human papillomaviruses (nearly everyone has been infected, causes warts)
  2. HPV16 and HPV18 (cause mostly cervical cancer)
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8
Q

Why did identifying HPV causes cervical cancer win a nobel prize?

A

Identifying that a virus causes cervical cancer we could prevent cancer with a vaccine

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9
Q

What group are Polyoma and Papilloma in?

A

Group 1–>dsDNA

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10
Q

True or false: Polyoma and Papilloma are small LINEAR genomes

A

False
-small
-circular

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11
Q

What kind of polymerase do Polyoma and Papilloma use?

A

HOST DNA dep RNA pol–>Trancscription
HOST DNA dep DNA pol–>replication

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12
Q

Where do Polyoma and Papilloma replicate?

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

Are polyoma and papilloma enveloped or non enveloped?

A

Non enveloped

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14
Q

True or false: Polyoma and papilloma have their genome wrapped by host histone proteins

A

true

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15
Q

Life cycle of Polyoma and Papilloma

A
  1. Entry: Endocytosis
  2. Capsid disassembly: (+) protein into nucleus –>Early genes
  3. Genome Replication–>Late genes
  4. Exit: Cell lysis
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16
Q

What transcribes early genes (non structural) in Polyoma and Papilloma

A

Host DNA dep RNA pol

17
Q

What transcribes late genes (structural) in Polyoma and Papilloma

A

Host DNA dep DNA pol

18
Q

What are the early proteins in Polyoma and Papilloma and 2 function

A
  1. DNA binding and helicase activity
    -Polyoma: T antigen
    -Papilloma: E1 & E2
  2. Drives cell cycle progression & transcription
    -Polyoma: T antigen
    -Papilloma: E6 & E7
19
Q

What is an advantage of early proteins driving cell cycle for virus?

A

-Drive cell cycle so cells get out of G1 phase
-At G1 phase no replication happens
-Progresses cell cycle so polymerase is active & replicates genome

20
Q

What are the late proteins and function function in Polyoma and Papilloma?

A

-Polyoma: VP1, VP2, VP3
-Papilloma: L1 & L2
-Make capsid proteins

21
Q

Why is it important that Polyomavirus does bidirectional transcription?

A

So strands do not overlap and make dsRNA
-will cause an immune response

22
Q

Which virus have large T antigen what does it do?

A

-Polyoma
-host dependent genome replication
-Binds p53 and Rb

23
Q

True of false: Papilloma is studied well in lab

A

False
-only replicates well in tissues
-causes warts on outer layers–>hard to work with

24
Q

True or false: Polyoma and Papilloma cause cancer frequently

A

False
-Cancer is off target effect
-Only happens if there is linear integration (mostly E6 & E7 for Papilloma)

25
Q

True or false: Driving cell cycle forward causes cancer

A

False
-it allows for replication
-Cancer cells are dead end–>can no longer replicate

26
Q

What group are Adenoviridae in

A

Group 1–>dsDNA

27
Q

What polymerase does Adenoviridae use?

A

-Host DNA dep RNA pol (Gene transcription)
-Viral DNA dep DNA pol (Gene replication)

28
Q

What type of genome does Adenoviridae have (circular or linear)

A

Linear

29
Q

Are adenoviridae enveloped/non what is their capsid shape?

A

-Non enveloped
-Icosahedral

30
Q

What pathogens are in Adenovirdae?

A

Human adenoviruses–> does NOT cause cancer
-causes cancer in non humans–>integration not necessary

31
Q

Why are adenovirdae useful?

A

Broad range of tissue tropism and genes
-Gene therapy vectors
-oncolytic viruses –> can kill cancer cells
-vaccine delivery vectors –> J & J vaccine

32
Q

Adenovirdae life cycle

A
  1. Entry: Endocytosis
  2. Capsid dissasembly–>(+) protein into nucelus–>Early genes (HOST DNA dep RNA pol)
  3. Genome replication (VIRAL DNA dep DNA pol)–>Late genes
  4. Exit by cell lysis
33
Q

Where does protein assembly occur in Adeno

A

Nucleus

34
Q

Adenoviridae have linear genomes, what problem does this cause when genome replicates?

A

-Ends can get degraded
-Humans solve w/ telomerase
-Adeno solves by terminal repeats and is primed by protein TP

35
Q

What 2 proteins do Adeno have that drive transcription forward/manipulate cell and interacts with Rb p53?

A

-E1A
-E1B

36
Q

Adeno have late stage mRNAs that do what?

A

-Cap independent translation
-allows virus to translate when host shuts off cap-dependent translation

Virology (19 decks)

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