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Virology > Herpesviridae & Poxviridae > Flashcards

Herpesviridae & Poxviridae Flashcards

1
Q

What group are Herpesviridae in?

A

Group 1–>dsDNA

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2
Q

What polymerase do Herpes use?

A

-HOST DNA dep RNA pol
-VIRAL DNA dep DNA pol

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3
Q

Are Herpes genome circular or linear

A

Linear
-biggest genome

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4
Q

Are herpes enveloped/non and capsid shape

A

-Enveloped
-Icosahedral

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5
Q

What 3 categories of herpes are there?

A

-Alpha (latent in neurons)
-Beta (latent in T cells)
-Gamma (cause cancer)

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6
Q

What viruses are in alpha?

A

-Herpes simplex virus 1 & 2 (TORCH)
-Varicella zoster

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7
Q

What viruses are in beta?

A

-Cytomegalovirus (TORCH)
-HHV6A, HHV6B, HHV7

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8
Q

What viruses are in Gamma?

A

-Epstein Barr
-Kaposis sarcoma associated herpesvirus

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9
Q

True or false: Herpesvirus does cross species transmission

A

False
-Herpesvirus does coevolution w/ humans–>good at staying hidden
-Less pathogenic

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10
Q

True or false: Herpesvirus has a lytic infection

A

False
-Latent infection

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11
Q

What is an episome?

A

Part of DNA that can replicate independently of host

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12
Q

Why is latency a concern for Herpesvirus?

A

-Virus can reactivate at anytime
-Long term expression of viral products that can cause transfromation/cancer

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13
Q

Where does latent virus reside in for long periods of time?

A

B lymphocytes and B memory cells
-these cells stay for life in body

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14
Q

What is the tegument in Herpesviridae

A

Area in between capsid and envelope
-contains proteins (14) that immediately interact w/ host
-delivers proteins set up for cell viral replication & antagonize host

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15
Q

Herpesviridae life cycle

A
  1. Entry: Fusion/endocytosis
  2. Nuclear entry & early proteins–>Immediate early & early (HOST DNA dep RNA pol)
  3. Genome replication–>Late proteins (VIRAL DNA dep DNA pol) assembled in NUCLEUS
  4. Exit: Exocytosis
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16
Q

How many waves of transcription/protein production does Herpesviridae have?

A

3 waves
1. Immediate early (HOST DNA dep RNA pol)
2. Early (HOST DNA dep RNA pol)
3. Late (VIRAL DNA dep DNA pol)

17
Q

Herpesvirdae is linear how does it prevent degradation of ends?

A

Terminal repeat at ends
-makes genome circular by rolling circle mechanism

18
Q

Poxviridae is part of which group?

A

Group 1–>dsDNA

19
Q

Where does Poxviridae replicate?

A

Cytoplasm

20
Q

What kind of polymerase do Poxviridae have?

A

-VIRAL DNA dep RNA pol
-VIRAL DNA dep DNA pol

21
Q

Are Poxviridae enveloped/non

A

Enveloped

22
Q

True or false: Poxviridae coevolve

A

False
-Jump host/cross species transmission

23
Q

What pathogens are in Poxviridae

A

-Smallpox
-Monkeypox
-Tanapox
-Molluscum
-Animal-pox virus

24
Q

What is important about smallpox?

A

-Killed millions
-Zoonotic transmission–>became human specific
-Led to first vaccines
-First human virus eradicated

25
Q

True or false: Monkeypox, Cowpox, Chickenpox, etc come from that animal

A

False
-Name of virus is not reservoir, it is just where symptoms were seen
-Reservoir is most likely mouse

26
Q

What was significant about the rabbits in Australia?

A

-Australia became over ran with rabbits
-Tried to kill rabbits with Myxoma virus (99.8% mortality rate)–>non pathogenic to Brazilian rabbits
-Not all rabbits died–>rabbits evolved resistance

27
Q

Poxviridae life cycle

A
  1. Entry: fusion/endocytosis
  2. Early transcription & translation –> early VIRAL DNA dep RNA pol
  3. Genome replication–>intermediate proteins (VIRAL DNA dep DNA pol)
  4. Late Proteins
  5. Cell lysis
28
Q

How many waves of transcription/protein production are there for Poxvirdae

A

3 waves
1. Early
2. Intermediate
3. Late

29
Q

Poxviridae genome characteristics

A

-terminal repeats at ends
-ends are covalently linked (unlike adeno)
-stays linear (unlike herpes)

30
Q

What 2 poxviral proteins block host immunity and how do they work?

A
  1. K3L–> binds to dsRNA indirectly blocks PKR and OASs
  2. E3L–>directly antagonizes PKR
31
Q

How does PKR work?

A

-Protein kinase R (PKR) recognizes any dsRNA
-Phosphorylates eIF2a
-When eIF2a is phosphorylated prevents protein translation

32
Q

Asfarviridae

A

-Group 1–>dsDNA
-Arbovirus (only dsDNA)
-causes fever in pigs
-enveloped
-viral pol

Virology (19 decks)

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