Polymers of Life 1: Carboxylic Acids & Esters Flashcards
General formula of carboxylic acid
COOH
= oic acid
Eg. Ethanoic acid
3- methyl butanoic acid
Benzene carboxylic acid = ???
Benzoic acid
Name of molecule when 2 carboxylic acid are present
Dicarboxylic acid
= dioic acid
Eg. Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
Pentane dioic acid
Rules for naming carboxylic acid
When numbering carbons include the C in COOH group
Metal + acid =???
Salt + hydrogen
Eg. Mg + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + H2
Mg + 2 CH3 COOH —> ( CH3 COOH- )2 Mg 2+ + H2
Metal oxide + acid = ???
Salt + water
Eg. MgO + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + H2O
Metal hydroxide + acid = ???
Salt + water
Eg. Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + 2 H2O
NaOH + CH3 COOH —> ( CH3 COOH- )Na+ + H2O
Metal carbonate + acid = ???
Salt + water + carbon dioxide
Eg. MgCO3 + 2HCl —> MgCl2 + H2O + CO2
CuCO3 + 2 CH3 COOH —> ( CH3 COOH- )2 Cu2+ + H2O + CO2
Ammonia + acid
Ammonium salt
Eg. NH3 + HCl —> NH4 Cl
Definition of strong acid
Complete dissociates ( left to right arrow ) into H+ ions
Eg. HCl —> H+ + Cl-
Definition of weak acid
Partially dissociates ( reversible arrow ) into H+ ions
Eg. CH3 COOH CH3 COO- + H+
What is the strength of an acid determined by
H+ ions = the higher H+ ions the stronger the acid
What kind of acids are carboxylic acids
Weak acids, i.e A small fraction of the molecules ionise when added to water to release H+(aq) ions
COO- = ???
Carboxylate ion
What is the test for carboxylic acids
Sodium carbonate = gentle fizzing = CO2 gas = test using lime water
