Developing Metals 1: Introduction

Question 1

When can transition metals be found on the periodic table

Answer 1

D block

Question 2

What similarities do the elements in the first row of d block have

Answer 2

• all have outer electrons in the 4s subshell

- all have electrons filling the “inner” 3d subshell

Question 3

What is the rule for 4s and 3d subshells

Answer 3

4s fills before 3d

Question 4

Give electron of Scandium ( Sc) in terms of subshell ( all other elements in first row for similar pattern however are a few exceptions)

Answer 4

[1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6] 4s2 3d1

= [ Ar ] 4s2 3d1

• Ti = [Ar] 4s2 3d2

Question 5

Which elements are expeptions in the trend of electron configuration of the first row of transition metals and why

Answer 5

Chronium and Copper = only contain 1 electron in the 4s subshell

Cr = [ Ar] 4s1 3d5

Cu = [Ar] = 4s1 3d10

Question 6

Why do the first row of transition metals have similar properties and what do they difere by

Answer 6

• all have essentially the same outer electron arrangements

- differ by the addition of one or more electron to the inner 3d subshell ( not by number of complete electron shells)

Question 7

What is the rule about how electrons are lost when transition metals form (+ve) ions

Answer 7

4s electrons are lost 1st the 3d

Question 8

What is a typical characteristic of a transition metal ( in terms of ions)

Answer 8

Variable oxidation state

Eg. Iron can form Fe2+ or Fe3+

Question 9

Definition of a transition metal

Answer 9

Element that can form one or more stable ions with an incomplete d subshell

Question 10

Name 3 Common first row d block element ions that you may come across that aren’t actually transition metals

Explain why they are not

Answer 10

Sc 3+ =[Ar] - no d subshell

Zn2+ = [Ar] 3d10 - complete d subshell

Question 11

Explain why copper is considered a transition metal despite Cu+ = [Ar] 3d10

Answer 11

Copper has another ion which coincides with the definition of a transition metal unlike Cu+

Cu2+ = [Ar] 3d9

Question 12

What 4 general properties of transition elements are incomplete d subshells responsible for

Answer 12

1. ) variable oxidation states
2. ) catalytic action
3. ) coloured compounds
4. ) formation of complexes

Question 13

Recap AS shapes of molecules and catalysis

Answer 13

Go to AS Deck

• Elements of Life : shapes of molecules
• Developing Fuels: Catalysts
• Ozone : Radiation & Radicals