pollinator crisis Flashcards
smith et al 2022 what are the impacts on health from insufficient pollination
-427000 aditioanl deaths loss healthy food
-worse impact low income countries
smith et al 2022 how much fruit veg loose if lose pollinators
3-5%
garabaldi et al 2014 can honey bees replace wild polinators
-no wild more effective 2x isits honey bees
garabaldi et al 2014 how to maintain pollination
-intigrate wild and honey bees increase crop yield
-mainatain pollinator diccersity
-conservation restoration natural areas
-stop soil erosion
klien 2007 how many leading world crop depend pollination
87
klien 2007 what volume crops depend on pollination
35%
klien 2007 what management options for pollinators?
1)increase nest opportunities
2)increase forage provide suitable floral resources
3) increase connection habitats
4)reduce pesticides
ghazel 2005 is the pollination crisis as bad as been suggested?
no- although declines large amount crops not rely on pollnation
-not bad losses think
-making calls conservation based on pollination missed placed
what makes effective nest solitary bee dicks et al
-agricultural land
-reeds best
drilled wooden blocks
-need more research into bamboo
dicks et al best nest creation bumble bees
-underground nest boxed best e.g teractoa pots
-sprouts pipes
-need more research, test different areas UK
2020 alton ratnieks do wildlife friendly products acturlly work?
-no not desighned UK species, play little ecologiacal funtion , products won’t save species= marketing misleading
chowdhury et al 2023 what percentage insects covered in PAs
19%
chowdhury et al what must be done to preserve insects
make sure new PAs also represent insect species
miller et al 2022 are commercial bumble bee colonies acting as ecological traps?
-yes wild queen bees entering as smaller getting killed
miller et al 2022 what can be done to stop comercial bumble bees acting as ecological traps?
include bee excluders
whys should farmers include bee excluders in their commercial bumble bee colonies
-ensures wild pollinators left to ensure there are pollinators for crops later in the season
sanchez-bayo , wyckhuys 2015 how many insects species threatened extinction
40%
sanchez bayo , wyckhuys 2015 what main drivers insect decline
-habitatl oss
-conversion agriculture
-pollution
-pathogens from introduced speceis
-cc
conclusion sanchez bayo and qyckhuys 2015 how to stop decline insect
-change ways produce food
-habitats restoration
stop chemicals
what are the steps pollination
1)pollen passed stamen one flower to another
2) encourage nector develop in stamen
3) get nectar = pollinator pass pollen covered anther
4) pollen sticks to pollinator gets transfered to stamen of new flower
5) plant germinates and seed production occurs
what type of relationships between plant and pollinator
mutualistic
example of co-evolved brood ste mutualism
fig tree and agaoinid wasp
what is the value of pollination
-regualtion es
-maintain wider biod and ecs stability
-food security
-social and cultural values eg gardens
key pollinator speceis
-solitary bees
-bumble bees
-lepidoptera- butterflies, moths
-wasps
