hunting

Question 1

what main motivation hunting

Answer 1

-trade
-food
-recreation
-remove fangerous predators
-remove pests

Question 2

what been impact bushmeat

Answer 2

-loss species and function
-loss pollinators
-seed predators, dispers
loss predators and prey species

Question 3

how does size relate to hunting

Answer 3

• go for largest animals first and then hunt down the food web

Question 4

major risk of bushmeat trade

Answer 4

zoonosis

Question 5

how many birds are illegally killed as migrate to meditation

Answer 5

11-36 million

Question 6

where are migrating birds killed

Answer 6

-north Africa
-Middle east
-Mediterranean

Question 7

how migrating birds killed

Answer 7

-shooting
-trapping
-poisning

Question 8

why is management of illegal bird killing inadequate

Answer 8

-not enough scientific evidence hunting
-poor legal regulation and law enforcement
-lack regional agreement managment

Question 9

how can scource sink models be used to mange hunting

Answer 9

-only hunt in sink areas not hte scource

Question 10

Example of scource sink reserve peru

Answer 10

-populations persisted as hunt from the sink and leave the source = tapirs recruited source population = maintain numbers

Question 11

Using source sink knowledge what conservation measures should be put in place to help manage hunting

Answer 11

-scouce areas fully protected
-hunting areas connected to scource areas

Question 12

what cultural context must we understand to adress recreational hunting

Answer 12

-when
-where
-how
-what used
-how to adress

Question 13

what are traditionalists view recreational hunting

Answer 13

-scource sustainable meat
-can be regulated
-help remove problem individual

Question 14

how many kangroo hunted year

Answer 14

5 million

Question 15

why kangroo hunted

Answer 15

-cause overgrazing habitats threatened species
-sport
-pet food

Question 16

how science used hunting

Answer 16

-population growth rates and suples
-MSY
work out how many takew

Question 17

why did southern white rhino cover

Answer 17

limited hunting gave incentives for there conservation
became peoples property = incentive conserve

Question 18

is white rhinoes sucess story

Answer 18

-recovered but in fenced areas, heavily guarded so are they wild anymore?

Question 19

requirements sustainable hunting

Answer 19

-good monitoring
-statuary regulation
-public funding

Question 20

what species have been saved by hunting

Answer 20

-white tailed deer
-prong horn antelope
-wild turkey
-helped create PAS

Question 21

value of recreational hunting compare tourism

Answer 21

-low ecological impact
-high earning
-less infrastructure
-benefit local
-contribute pas and cons management

Question 22

key issues hunting

Answer 22

-more science needed
-context specific=hard to generalise
-polorised debate
-strong regulation enforcment
-corruption

Question 23

learder williams et al what needs to be done to manage rhino hunting (2005)

Answer 23

-ensure biological s
-good monitoring
-reward good biological management and long t term comitment cons
-ensure internal and external control

Question 24

recomendation for best practice rhino hunting leader williams et al 2005

Answer 24

-CITES national quota
-public campaighn show good idea
–create code of contact
-make legal
-link instutution
-quota no bigger 1% populaiton
-focus surplus males
-sport riffle
-allocation quota private sectir
-use lottery
auction rhinoes max finance

Question 25

what steps could help save the white rhino?

Answer 25

-make property of the people -auction=more money to protect -harvest horn -legalise trade -market incentive protection

Question 26

are brocket dear being harvested sustaiable in peru? hurtado-Gonzales, Bodmer 2003

Answer 26

Yes- fast producing, intrisic rate increase maintain hunting current levels not increase

Question 27

benefits trophy hunting lindsey et al 2006

Answer 27

-oftake 2-5% male= sustainable -income -less envi impact tourism

Question 28

neg trophy hunting lindsey et al 2006

Answer 28

-some activites not relevant cons= neg press -failure give money to locals -corruption -concession sold to cheeply -set quota hard -high fences stop migration

Question 29

whats lindesy et al 2006 solution to improve trophy hunting?

Answer 29

-create certification scheme -monitor -learn other schemes -cooperation stakeholders

Question 30

How corruption impacting trophy recreational hunting tanzania learder-williams, balders 2009

Answer 30

-limits inward investment -depresses development -increases overexplooitation -misuse quotas -limit benefit local -=

Question 31

what corruption occurs tanzanaia recreational hunting learer-williams, baldes 2009

Answer 31

-infringement hunting regulation -quotas ignored -licenses friend -concessions to companies owed senior officials -com not get benefits

Question 32

key management option recreational hunting tanzania learder-williams baldes 2009

Answer 32

-simplify fee structure -s. quota -code conduct -reinvest fund better managemnt game reserve -com key decision makers -update legislation

Question 33

reform options corruption tanzania learder-williams baldes 2009

Answer 33

-NGO stop paying fund to corrupt projects -hunter consumer no tolerance policy -princible guidelines regulate -local com promised benfits

Question 34

novaro et al 2000 what scource sink dynamic occuring lacanadon forest new Mexico

Answer 34

-densities baried tapir,, white lipped peccary, low persistance hunting site -high proprtion young tapir white tained dear red brocket deer stable move scource to sink area hunted = protection species

Question 35

merode et al 2003 are bushmeats contributing to poor diets or incomes? (Congo)

Answer 35

-wealthy consume most bushmeat -poor cant afford weapon kill bushmeat -do contrubute diet lean season -use money sell buy other good -90% sold market

Question 36

is bushmeat congo helping raising people out of poverty? merode et al 2003

Answer 36

-cash income -if stopped sales = effect poorest -not enough sold raise house hold out poverty

Question 37

de minin et al why ban trophy hunting 2016

Answer 37

-uncertian s. oftake -quota not scientific -age restriction not implemented -canned lion hunting no cons benefit -revenue not cons , local

Question 38

de minin et al 2016 why shouldn't ban hunting

Answer 38

-ledd funding cons -ecotourism cant occur these areas less acessible -no hunting land would be converted -less envi footprint -need larger pop species than tourism

Question 39

de minin recommendation for trophy hunting 2016

Answer 39

-level of offtake imposed -eco certification -mandatory population analysis -ban post hunt sales stop illegal trade -promote com run hunts -trust share com -mandatory scientific sampling hunted animal eg genetics -5 year review hunts -full disclosure all public data collected -rando, observation hunts -trophies confiscated permit revoked illegal practices occur -back up professional shooter and tracker present limit welfare concern

Question 40

ripple et al 2016 how many worlds mamals threatened bushmeat?

Answer 40

301 species