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respiratory > Pneumoconiases > Flashcards

Pneumoconiases Flashcards

1
Q

pneumoconioses - types

A
  1. asbestosis
  2. Berylliosis
  3. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
  4. silicosis
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2
Q

pneumoconioses (except berylliosi) - increased risk for

A
  1. cor pulmonale
  2. Caplan syndrome
  3. cancer
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3
Q

Caplan syndrome

A

rheumatoid arthritis and pneumoconiases (coal, asbestosis, silicosis) with intrapulmonary nodules

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4
Q

Asbestosis is associated with (exposure)

A
  1. shipbuilding
  2. roofing
  3. plumbing
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5
Q

pathognomonic lesions of asbestosis (gross)

A

Ivory white, calcified supreadiaphragmatic and pleural plaques

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6
Q

areas of asbestos plaques

A
  1. supreadiaphragmatic

2. pleural plaques

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7
Q

carcinomas associated with asbestosis

A
  1. bronchogenic carcinoma

2. mesothelioma

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8
Q

asbestosis - bronchogenic ca vs mesothelioma

A

bronchogenic ca > mesothelioma

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9
Q

asbestosis affect (area)

A

lower lobes

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10
Q

berylliosis associated with (exposure)

A

berryllium in

  1. aerospace
  2. manufacturing industries
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11
Q

lung Asbestosis - histology

A

ferruginous (asbestos) bodies: golden-brown fusiform rods resembling dumbbells, found in alveolar septum (visulized using PAS stain), often obtain by branchoalveolar lavage)

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12
Q

ferruginous bodies are found in

A

alveolar septum

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13
Q

berylliosis affects (area)

A

upper lobes

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14
Q

berrylliosis histology

A

noncaseating granoulomas in lung, hilar lymph nodes and systemic organs

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15
Q

berrylliosis treatment

A

occasionally responsive to steroids

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16
Q

Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis is also known s

A

black lung disease

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17
Q

Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis affects (area)

A

upper lobes

18
Q

Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis - pathophysiology

A

prolonged coal dust exposure –> macrophages laden with carbon –> inflammation and fibrosis

19
Q

Anthracosis is caused by

A

mild exposure to carbon (collection of macrophages laden with carbon)

20
Q

Anthracosis - symptoms/dound in

A

asymptomatic condition found in many urban dwellers exposed to sooty air

21
Q

Anthracosis - occupation

A

found in many urban dwellers exposed to sooty air

22
Q

Silicosis is associated with ….(occupation)

A
  1. foundries (factory that produces metal castings)
  2. sandblasting
  3. Mines
23
Q

Silicosis - pathophysiology

A

Macrophages respond to silica and release fibrogenic factors, leading to fibrosis. it is thought that silica may disrupt phagolysosomes and impair macrophages

24
Q

silicosis - increased risk for

A
  1. TB

2. bronchogenic carcinoma

25
Q

silicosis affects (area)

A

upper lobes

26
Q

silicosis - CXR

A

Eggshell calcification of hilar lymph nodes

27
Q

pneumoconiases that affect upper lobes

A
  1. coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
  2. Silicosi
  3. Berylliosis
28
Q

pneumoconiases that affect lower lobes

A

asbestosis

29
Q

pneumoconiases - increased risk for TB

30
Q

silicosis histology

A

fibrotic nodules found in upper lobes

31
Q

asbestosis histology

A

fibrosis of lung and pleura (plaques)

32
Q

pneumoconiases - roofing

A

asbestosis

33
Q

pneumoconiases - eggshell appearance

34
Q

pneumoconiases - black lung disease

A

Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis

35
Q

pneumoconiases - ferruginous bodies

A

asbestosis

36
Q

pneumoconiases - fibrosis

A
  1. asbestosis
  2. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
  3. silicosis
37
Q

pneumoconiases - respond to steroids

A

Berylliosis (occasionally responsive)

38
Q

rheumatoid arthritis and pneumonoconioses with intrapulmonary nodules = ?

A

Caplan disease

39
Q

pneumoconiases - disrupts phagolysosomes

40
Q

pneumoconiases - types and affected area of lung

A
  1. asbestosis –> lower lobes
  2. Berylliosis –> upper lobes
  3. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis –> upper lobes
  4. silicosis –> upper lobes
41
Q

Ferruginous bodies are visualized using

A

Prussian blue stain

42
Q

Asbestosis also increases the risk of

A

Pleural effusions

respiratory (27 decks)

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