Pleurau And Lungs

Question 1

Layers of the pleura (outside in)

Answer 1

Parietal pleura
Pleural space
Visceral pleura
Lung

Question 2

Pleural space contains:

Why?

Answer 2

Pleural fluid to allow smooth movements as they expand

Question 3

Parts of the parietal pleura

Answer 3

Costal pleura
Diaphragmatic pleura
Mediastinal pleura
Cervical pleura (pleural cupola)

Question 4

Nerve supply to the parietal pleura

Answer 4

Intercostal nerves

Phrenic nerves

Question 5

Pleura that firmly attaches to the surface

Answer 5

Visceral pleura

Question 6

Which pleura is sensitive to pain and touch

Answer 6

Parietal pleura

Question 7

Which pleura is INsensitive to touch and pain

Answer 7

Visceral

Question 8

Nerve supply to the visceral pleura

Answer 8

Pulmonary plexus- Autonomic supply

Question 9

Present between the parietal and visceral pleura

Answer 9

Pleural cavity

Question 10

Lower lateral part of the pleural space

Deepest part of the pleural space

Answer 10

Costodiaphragmatic recess

Question 11

Parietal and Visceral pleura ends midclavicular level

Answer 11

6th rib- visceral

8th rib- parietal

Question 12

Visceral and parietal end mid axillary

Answer 12

Visceral- 8th rib

Parietal- 10th rib

Question 13

Parietal and visceral ends on this rib (paravertebral view)

Answer 13

Visceral- 10th rib

Parietal- 12th rib

Question 14

Potential space between the mediastinal and costal pleura

Answer 14

Costomediastinal recess

Question 15

Function of costomedialstinal recess

Answer 15

Helps lungs to expand during deep inspiration

Expands into recess during quiet inspiration

Question 16

Costomediastinal recess is most obvious:

Answer 16

In the cardiac notch of left lung

Question 17

Ends of the lungs (2)

Answer 17

Apex

Base (diaphragmatic surface)

Question 18

Borders of the lungs (3)

Answer 18

Anterior
Posterior
Inferior

Question 19

Surfaces of the lungs (3)

Answer 19

Costal
Diaphragmatic (base)
Mediastinal

Question 20

Collection of structures that attaches the lung to the structures of the mediastinum

Answer 20

Root

Question 21

Where is the root present

Answer 21

Vertebral level T5-T7

Question 22

Site where the mediastinal part of parietal pleura is reflected on the root of the lung as a cuff to be continuous with the visceral pleura. Forms a little sleeve.

Answer 22

Hilum

Question 23

Contents of the root and hilum(6)

Answer 23

Main (principal) bronchus (rt side has usually divided before entering the rt lung)
Pulmonary artery (1)
Pulmonary veins (2)
Bronchial vessels
Pulmonary plexus of nerves
Lymphatics

Question 24

Fold of pleura that projects inferiorly from the root of the lung. Extends form the hilum to the mediastinum

Answer 24

Pulmonary ligament

Question 25

Purpose of pulmonary ligament

Answer 25

Allows movement of the lung root during respiration. Moves in a downward direction into the ligament.

Question 26

Lobes of the lungs (rt) (3) and what separates them,

Answer 26

``` Superior lobe Horizontal fissure Middle lobe Oblique fissure Inferior lobe ```

Question 27

Lobes of left lung (2) and what separates them

Answer 27

Superior lobe Oblique fissure Inferior lobe

Question 28

Which lung is longer, but thinner than the other?

Answer 28

Left

Question 29

Cardiac notch is located:

Answer 29

Left lung, superior lobe towards the inferior end

Question 30

Which vessels are typically most inferior?

Answer 30

Veins

Question 31

Medial relations (impressions) right lung (due to things pressing against them)

Answer 31

``` Heart Inferior vena cava Superior vena cava Azygos vein Esophagus Right subclavian vessels ```

Question 32

Medial relations (impressions) left lung

Answer 32

``` Heart Arch of aorta Thoracic aorta Esophagus Left subclavian vessels ```

Question 33

Parts of the bronchial tree

Answer 33

Trachea Main (primary) bronchus Lobar (secondary) bronchus Segmental (tertiary) bronchus

Question 34

The trachea is a continuation of the

Answer 34

Larynx

Question 35

The trachea extends from: | It ends:

Answer 35

The cricoid cartilage (C6) Ends at the sternal angle (T4/T5)

Question 36

Division of the two bronchi branches

Answer 36

Carina

Question 37

Each main bronchus enters where?

Answer 37

The root of the lung

Question 38

Difference between right and left main bronchus

Answer 38

Right main bronchus is wider, shorter and more vertical. It usually splits into lobar (secondary) bronchi before entering the lung Left main bronchus is narrower, longer, and more angular

Question 39

Secondary bronchus

Answer 39

Lobar bronchus

Question 40

Each lobar bronchus supplies:

Answer 40

A lobe of the lung

Question 41

Lobar bronchi divide into:

Answer 41

Segmental (tertiary) bronchi

Question 42

Segmental bronchi supply the:

Answer 42

Bronchopulmonary segments

Question 43

Segmental bronchi give rise to:

Answer 43

``` Bronchioles Terminal bronchioles Respiratory bronchioles Alveolar sac Alveoli ```

Question 44

There are ___ (#) bronchopulmonary segments in each lung

Answer 44

10 (though some fuse in the left lung and give 8).

Question 45

Contents of bronchopulmonary segments

Answer 45

Segmental (tertiary) bronchus Segmental (pulmonary) artery Lymph vessels Autonomic nerves

Question 46

Arterial supply of the lungs

Answer 46

Bronchial arteries | Pulmonary arteries

Question 47

Right bronchial artery comes from

Answer 47

Third posterior IC artery

Question 48

Left bronchial arteries come from

Answer 48

Thoracic aorta

Question 49

Pulmonary arteries come from

Answer 49

Pulmonary trunk

Question 50

Venous drains of lungs

Answer 50

Bronchial veins | Pulmonary veins

Question 51

Bronchial veins drain into

Answer 51

Pulmonary veins or | Azygos veins

Question 52

Pulmonary veins drain into

Answer 52

Left atrium

Question 53

Nerves of the lung

Answer 53

Pulmonary plexus | Autonomic plexus

Question 54

Pulmonary plexus are present where?

Answer 54

At the bifurcation of the trachea

Question 55

Autonomic plexus consists of:

Answer 55

Sympathetic fibers | Vagus nerves

Question 56

Lymphatic drainage of the lungs tract

Answer 56

``` Lymphatics from the lungs To the Bronchopulmonary (hilar) nodes To the Tracheobronchial nodes To the Bronchomediastinal trunks To the Right lymphatic trunk/thoracic duct ```