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TAP Anatomy > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

Sternal angle

A

T4-T5 (costal cartilage 2)

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2
Q

Anterior axillary / pectoral nodes receive ____% of lymphatics and drain into:

A

75%

Subclavian lymph trunks

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3
Q

Pectoral major action

A

Flexion
Addiction
Medial arm rotation

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4
Q

What is the arrangement of the neurovascular bundle?

A

Intercostal vein, artery, then nerve (VAN)

Present between internal intercostal and innermost layer of muscl and located along the lower border of the rib

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5
Q

The internal thoracic artery is a branch of what?

A

Subclavian artery

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6
Q

Upper thoracic aperture/ thoracic inlet wall boundaries:

A

Anterior: Manubrium sternum

Lateral: Medial margin of rib 1

Posterior: T1

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7
Q

What type of joints are the costocorporeal?

A

Synovial plane joints

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8
Q

What type of joints are the costotransverse joints?

A

Synovial plant joints

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9
Q

Joint types for the sternocostal joints:

A

First sternocostal: Secondary cartilaginous joint

2nd-7th: Synovial plane joints

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10
Q

Where is the vena canal opening?

What are its contents?

A

T8 in the central tendon

IVC and right phrenic nerve

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11
Q

Where is the esophageal opening located?

What are its contents?

A

T10 in the muscular part of the diaphragm

Esophagus and vagus nerves

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12
Q

Where are the pectinate muscles present in the heart?

A

Atrium proper

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13
Q

Blood enters the left ventricle through the:

A

Left atrioventricular orifice

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14
Q

What structures are present in the left ventricle?

A

Trabeculae carnae

Anterior and posterior papillary muscles

Chordate tendinae

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15
Q

What does the left coronary artery supply?

A

Most of the left atrium, left ventricle and interventricular septum

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16
Q

What is the main vein draining venous blood from the heart?

A

Coronary sinus

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17
Q

What are the tributaries to the coronary sinus?

A

Great cardiac vein

Small cardiac vein

Middle cardiac vein

Posterior cardiac vein

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18
Q

Which recess is present in the lateral part of each pleural cavity where costal and diaphragmatic pleura contact each other?

A

Costodiaphragmatic

Also, fluid can gather here and there will be no breath sounds when sick.

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19
Q

Contents of the root of the lung

A

Main bronchus

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary veins

Lymphatics

Bronchial vessels

Pulmonary plexus of nerves

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20
Q

Nerve supply of the parietal pluera

A

Costal plura- intercostal nerves

Mediastinal pleura- phrenic nerves

Diaphragmatic pleura- phrenic nerves

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21
Q

What part of the mediastinum contains the azygos vein?

A

Middle

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22
Q

What part of the mediastinum contains the esophagus?

A

Superior

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23
Q

What part of the mediastinum contains both the azygos AND hemiazygos veins

A

Posterior

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24
Q

What does the azygos vein drain into?

A

Superior vena cava

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25
Q

Esophageal blood supply

Upper:

Middle:

Lower:

A

Upper: inferior thyroid artery

Middle: thoracic aorta

Lower: left gastric artery

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26
Q

Plane that passes through the tips of the 9th costal cartilages and passes through the pylorus

A

Transpyloric plane (L1)

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27
Q

Membranous layer in inferior 1/3 of anterior abdomen

A

Scarpa’s fascia

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28
Q

Fascia deep to the transversus abdominis, containing the deep inguinal ring

A

Transversalis fascia

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29
Q

Where does the posterior layer of the rectus sheath end?

A

Inferiorly at the arcuate line

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30
Q

What makes up the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

A

External and internal obliques

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31
Q

Spermatic cord coverings:

Note what they are continuations of

A

External spermatic fascia- external oblique aponeurosis

Cremasteric fascia- internal oblique

Internal spermatic fascia- transversalis is fascia

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32
Q

The esophageal branches come from:

A

Left gastric artery

Branch of the celiac trunk

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33
Q

Mucosal fold of the stomach

What is its purpose?

A

Rugae

Increases surface area

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34
Q

What is the blood supply to the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

Right gastric artery (branch of the hepatic artery proper)

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35
Q

What is the arterial supply of the fundus of the stomach?

A

Short gastric arteries (branches off the splenic artery)

36
Q

Where does the lesser omentum attach?

A

Attaches to the lesser curvature and to the 1st part of the duodenum to the liver

37
Q

What does the free border go the lesser omentum contain?

A

The common bile duct, hepatic artery proper and portal vein (portal triad)

38
Q

What is the opening of the lesser sac/omental bursa called?

A

The epiploic/omental foramen

39
Q

Duodenum peritoneum:

A

1st part: intraperitoneal

Rest is Retroperitoneal

40
Q

Posterior relations to the duodenum

A

Common bile duct

Dastroduodenal artery

Portal vein

IVC

41
Q

Small intestine vs large intestine:

A

Small intestine:

  • Mesentary: jejunum and ilium
  • NO taeniae coli
  • NO omental appendices
  • Smooth Wall
  • Plicae circulares

Large intestine:

  • Mesentary: Transverse and sigmoid colon
  • Taenia coli
  • Omental appendices
  • Hausta
  • NO plicae circulares
42
Q

Where are the plicae circulares most prominent?

A

In the duodenum

43
Q

What does the ligament of traitz attach?

A

The 4th part of the duodenum to the left Cruz of the diaphragm

44
Q

3 bands of longitudinal muscle fibers in the large intestine

A

Taeniae coli

45
Q

The appendix has no ____ ____

It is completely covered by:

A

Taeniae coli

Longitudinal muscular coat

46
Q

Blood supply to the appendix

A

Appendicular artery

Branch from the ilocolic artery, which is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery

47
Q

What parts of the large intestine are retroperitaoneal?

A

Ascending and descending

Transverse and sigmoid are intraperitoneal

48
Q

Blood supply to the transverse colon

A

Middle colic artery (from superior mesenteric)

Left colic (inferior mesenteric)

49
Q

The porta hepatic (DOES/DOES NOT) have hepatic veins.

A

does not

Drains directly to the IVC

50
Q

Blood supply to the gall bladder

A

Cyclic artery

Branch of the right hepatic artery

51
Q

Which part of the gallbladder is completely covered in the peritoneum?

A

Fundus (intra?? It’s not retro..)

52
Q

Blood supply to pancreas

A

Dorsal pancreatic artery

Branch from the splenic artery and greater pancreatic artery— also a branch from splenic

53
Q

Blockage of the splenic artery would most affect what organ?

A

The pancreas

54
Q

What makes the portal vein?

A

Superior mesenteric and splenic veins

55
Q

The spleen’s long axis lies along the _____ rib and extends:

A

10th

Anteriorly as far as the mid axillary line

56
Q

What does the splenorenal ligament contain?

A

Splenic vessels and the tail of the pancreas

57
Q

What innervates the foregut and midgut?

A

Parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve

58
Q

What innervates the duodenum?

A

The vagus nerve

59
Q

Illiacus nerve supply?

A

Femoral nerve (from the lumbar plexus)

60
Q

Posterior relations of the kidneys

A

Right kidney: rib 12 only

Left kidney: both ribs 11 and 12

61
Q

What forms the renal papilla

A

Apex of the renal pyramid

62
Q

Suprarenal gland blood supply

A

Superior: Inferior phrenic artery

Middle: Abdominal aorta

Inferior: Renal artery

63
Q

The inferior vena cava is formed by:

Where?

A

The union of the common iliac veins

At L5

64
Q

What does the ureter cross?

A

The bifurcation of the common iliac or external illiac in front of the sacroiliac joint

65
Q

What type of joint is the SI joint?

A

Synovial

66
Q

Piriformis is part of what pelvic wall?

A

Lateral and posterior

67
Q

Pelvic inlet boundaries

A

Posterior: sacral promontory and alae/wings of sacrum

Lateral: Linea terminals (arcuate line + pectin pubis + pubic crest)

Anterior: pubic symphysis

68
Q

Where does the rectum begin and end?

A

S3 to the tip of the coccyx

69
Q

The lower part of the rectum expands to form:

A

Rectal ampulla

70
Q

The rectum does not have any:

A

Taeniae coli

Omental appendices

Sacculation

71
Q

Where is the Trigone of the bladder located?

A

At the base

72
Q

This bladder sphincter is under voluntary control and is innervated by what nerve?

A

External (urethrae) bladder sphincter

Pudendal

73
Q

What makes up the ejaculatory duct?

A

Vas deferens and seminal vesicle

74
Q

Venus drainage of the testes:

A

Left testicular vain (to the left renal vein)

Right testicular vein (to the inferior vena cava)

75
Q

The ejaculatory duct pierces the _____ surface of the prostate to each:

A

Posterior

Prostatic urethra

76
Q

Ejaculatory ducts open where?

A

In the prosthetic urethra

77
Q

Where does the prostatic Venous plexus drain into:

A

Internal iliac vein and vertebral veins

78
Q

What is the opening between the cervix and vagina?

A

External os

79
Q

Ligament where ovarian vessels, nerves and lymphatics enter the superior pole of the ovary

A

Suspensory ligament

80
Q

Epithelium for the anal canal

A

Upper: columnar

Lower: simple squamous

81
Q

The anal canal extends from ___ ___ to the ____ ____

A

Rectal ampulla

Anal aperture (anus)

82
Q

Nerve supply of the upper part of the anal canal

A

Autonomic/pelvic plexus

83
Q

Ischiorectal (ischioanal) fossa Boundaries

A

Base- skin

Medial wall- Levator ani and anal canal (NOT THE RECTUM)

Lateral wall- obturator internus and pelvic fascia

84
Q

Sphincter urethrae muscle nerve supply

A

Perineal branches of the pudendal nerve

85
Q

Where is the perineal body present?

A

In the superficial perineal pouch

TAP Anatomy (25 decks)

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