Plasma membrane

Question 1

What is the charge of plasma membrane and who gives it?

Answer 1

Negative
Polar head are negative and fatty chain is uncharged

Question 2

Three types of lipid bilayer

Answer 2

Phospholipid, glycolipid and sterols

Question 3

What is lecithin?

Answer 3

Phosphotidylcholine

Question 4

What are the negative glycerophospholipid?

Answer 4

Phosphotidylserine and phosphotidylinositol

Question 5

Three types of glycolipid

Answer 5

Cerebroside, globoside and ganglioside

Question 6

What are lipid rafts

Answer 6

Domain having cholesterol and sphingolipids

Question 7

Two types of lipid rafts and their protein

Answer 7

Planar and caveolae.
Protein of planar is flotilin
Protein of caveolae is caveolin

Question 8

Function of lipid rafts

Answer 8

Cholesterol trafficking, signal transduction, endocytosis.

Question 9

Ionophores

Answer 9

They are small lipid molecules that are soluble in lipid and increases the permeability of specific inorganic solutes

Question 10

Eg. of ionophores

Answer 10

Valinomycin, monensin and gramicidin A

Question 11

What does Valinomycin, gramicidin and monensin does?

Answer 11

Valinomycin: transports k+ ions
Monensin : transport Na+ ions
Gramicidin A: transports water and univalent cations

Question 12

How many aquaporins does human have? Which one is present on the epithelium of renal duct

Answer 12

10 isoforms and AQP2 is present on renal duct

Question 13

Two hydrophobic domain of aquaporins consist of?

Answer 13

Asparagine, proline and alanine

Question 14

N and C terminal of Aquaporins are in which side?

Answer 14

Cytosolic

Question 15

Na+ K+ ATPase has how many subunits

Answer 15

Three a,b and r

Question 16

Inhibitors of na-k ATPase

Answer 16

Oubain, digoxin, palytoxin and cardiotonic steroids

Question 17

Hydropathy plot

Answer 17

The plot that determines the hydrophobic amino acid in a protein

Question 18

P Type ATPase

Answer 18

Cation transporters that undergo reversible phosphorylation of a conserved aspartate residue

Question 19

Eg. Of P type ATPase

Answer 19

Na-K ATPase, H-ATPase and Ca2+ ATPase

Question 20

V Type ATPase

Answer 20

Transport protons.
Present in the vacuolar membrane, endosomal membrane and lysosomal membrane.

Question 21

F Type ATPase

Answer 21

Transports only protons.
Doesn’t involve phosphorylation

Question 22

Where is F Type ATPase found in eukaryotes.

Answer 22

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 23

Where is F type ATPase found in plants

Answer 23

One in mitochondria and another in thylakoids

Question 24

What does ABC transporters transport?

Answer 24

Ions, sugar, amino acids

Question 25

Where are ABC transporters found?

Answer 25

In plasma membrane, ER, mitochondria and lysosome.

Question 26

Name the two domains of ABC transporter

Answer 26

Transmembrane domain and nucleotide binding domain

Question 27

Give an example of ABC transporter and its function.

Answer 27

P Glycoprotein
It’s multidrug resistant. Especially in lung cancer cells.

Question 28

CFTR

Answer 28

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.
A type of ABC transporter.

Question 29

Where is CFTR found?

Answer 29

In lungs, gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas, sweat gland, and reproductive tract.

Question 30

What does CFTR protein transport?

Answer 30

Chloride ions out of the cell.

Question 31

What happens if the CFTR is defective?

Answer 31

Cystic fibrosis

Question 32

Give an example of a secondary active transporter.

Answer 32

Na-glucose transporter and lactose permease (H - galactoside symporter)