plant tissues and tissue systems Flashcards
how are plants fertilized
pollen enters the ovary and fertilizes the egg
what are continuously organized masses of similar cells
tissues
what are tissues
groups of cells that work together
what two types of tissues are important in plants
meristematic and vascular
what are meristematic cells responsible for
growth
where are the 3 places meristematic tissues are located
- apical
- lateral
- intercalary
what does the rigid wall prevent mature cells from doing
dividing
in plants what is the regions n that allows immature to divide continuously
the meristems
what are the new cells’ cell walls called
primary cell walls
what are the primary cell walls made up of
cellulose and pectin to allow the cell to grow in size. they are thin, flexible, and durable
once a cell stops growing what happens to it
the wall no longer needs to be flexible and a rigid second cell wall forms by adding new layers inside the primary cell wall. these layers may contain lignin which makes cells rigid and permanent
what happens when plant cells become specialized
the generally adopt a specific shape and produce specially adapted types of walls
where are the apical meristems located
it is located in the tissue at the tip of the roots and shoots
what does the apical meristem do
it is the growth points of the plants that increase in length of both the shoots and roots
what does the apical meristem do in dicots
makes them taller and roots deeper
what does the apical meristem do in monocots and dicots
makes the roots deeper
what does the root cap do
protects the apical meristem
what is the function of the lateral meristem of vascular cambium found in dicots
they increase the girth or width of the plant
in woody species growth of this meristem results in growth rings
where is intercalary meristems in monocots located
these meristems are located near the nodes. and are found between regions of mature tissues such as the base of a mature leaf
why was this rapid regrowth evolved
in response to damage by grazing herbivores
what is the function of vascular tissue
this tissue is responsible for the movement of water, food, and nutrients
what are the two types of vascular tissues
xylem
phloem
what is the function of the xylem cells
continually transports water and nutrients
where does the xylem facilitate the movent of nutrients and water
from the roots to the rest of the plant
what xylem vessels can you see
the veins
what is the function of the phloem
the food transporting tissues. it transports the products of photosynthesis (food) from the leaves to other green tissues
what are vascular bundles
xylem and phloem are organized into vascular bundles
in the vascular bundle, the ___ is located towards the outside of the stem and the ___ is toward the interior
phloem
xylem
what are the different ways that vascular bundles are arranged in monocots and dicots
in monocots, they are arranged in a scatter and in dicots they are arranged in a ring
what is the vascular cambium of dicots
lateral meristem of dicots that allows for the increase of girth in plants and it lays between the xylem and phloem
