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AGRC 111 > key terms and concepts of plant development > Flashcards

key terms and concepts of plant development Flashcards

1
Q

what is the aleurone layer

A

it is the layer that only goes around the endosperm

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2
Q

what is bran

A

bran consists of the seed coat, pericarp, and aleurone layer

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3
Q

what is caryopsis

A

a dry one-seeded fruit in which the ovary wall is united with the seed coat, typical of grasses and cereals

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4
Q

what is a cereal grain

A

A cereal is any grass cultivated for the edible components of its grain, composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran.

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5
Q

what is a coleoptile

A

a sheath protecting a young shoot tip in a grass or cereal

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6
Q

what is the coleorhiza

A

a sheath protecting the root of a germinating grass or cereal grain

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7
Q

what is a cotyledon

A

the embryo of the seed

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8
Q

what is a dicotyledon

A

it is the embryo of the seed but there is two of them

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9
Q

what is an embryo

A

An embryo is the early stage of development of a multicellular organism

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10
Q

what is an embryonic axis

A

The embryonic axis comprises everything between the plumule and the radicle, not including the cotyledon(s). In endospermic dicots, the food reserves are stored in the endosperm

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11
Q

what is an endosperm

A

acts as food storage for developing plant embryo usually contains starch, protein and other nutrients

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12
Q

what is an epicotyl

A

the region of an embryo or seedling stem above the cotyledon.

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13
Q

what is epigeal germination

A

germination that takes place above ground

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14
Q

what is a fruit

A

a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering

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15
Q

what is a germ

A

The germ is the embryo that has the potential to sprout into a new plant

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16
Q

what is a grain

A

A grain is a small, hard, dry seed - with or without an attached hull or fruit layer

17
Q

what is hilum

A

a scar from where the seed was attached to the wall. equal to a umbilical cord to the placenta

18
Q

what is a hull

A

the outermost layer ex part you spit on a sunflower seed

19
Q

what is a hypocotyl

A

the part of the stem of an embryo plant beneath the stalks of the seed leaves or cotyledons and directly above the root

20
Q

what is hypogeal germination

A

germination that happens under the ground

21
Q

what is mesocotyl

A

The mesocotyl is the tubular, white, stemlike tissue connecting the seed and the base of the coleoptile

22
Q

what is the micropyle

A

small pore beside the hilum

23
Q

what is a monocotyledon

A

a seed made out of one cotyledon

24
Q

what is a pericarp

A

the outer layer of the seed

25
Q

what is the plumule

A

the shoot or stem of an embryo plant

26
Q

what is the Poaceae family

A

the grass family

27
Q

what is quiescence

A

Quiescence is a state of suspended growth of the embryo or a resting condition of the seed.

28
Q

what is the radicle

A

the part in the embryo that grows down and turns into the root is the first organ to appear

29
Q

what is the scutellum

A

it absorbs nutrients from the endosperm during germination and surrounds the embryo

30
Q

what is secondary adventitious root systems

A

Adventitious roots arise after injury to roots or from the main stem, branch, or other tissues. For example, Ficus produces free-hanging aerial roots that originate in the branches and undergo secondary thickening before they reach the soil

31
Q

what is shoot apical meristem (SAM)

A

The shoot apical meristem is the region in the growing shoot containing meristematic cells. The shoot apical meristem contains multipotent stem cells and produces primordia that develop into all the above-ground organs of a plant.

32
Q

what is the seminal root system

A

The seminal root system consists of the adventitious lateral roots which are present in the ungerminated caryopsis

33
Q

what is the sub crown internode

A

the narrow portion of the stem that links the old seed and primary root system to the crown and secondary root system just below the soil surface

34
Q

what is the testa

A

the second outer protective layer of the seed

AGRC 111 (39 decks)

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