Plant Classification Flashcards
What is the binomial system of classification based on?
The evolutionary relationships of organisms
What is the first part of the binomial naming system?
Genus- to witch the species belongs to
What is the second part of the binomial naming system?
The specific epithet name
What are the rules in the binomial naming system
- The genus name is always written first and is capitalized
- The specific epithet (second part of name) is never capitalized
- Latin names are always italicized (in type) or underlined (in hand writing)
What are ways people classify plants
- Agronomist use
- growth habit
- leaf retention
- climatic adaptation
- photo respiration type
- day-length requirement
What are cereals
Grass plants harvested for there seeds
What are pulses
Plants from the fa ace family grown for seed for food
What are forage crops
Grown for vegetative parts for animal feed
What are oilseed crops
Grown for edible oil
What are vegetable crops
Edible vegetative parts for humans
What is fuel plants
Wood/straw for heat energy; biodiesel, ethanol
What is fibre plants used for
Clothing, roped, etc…
What is a example of specialty uses plants
Canary seeds for bird food
Life cycle classification
What are annual plants
Plants that germinate, produce seeds and die with in a year
What is the life cycle of a summer annual plant
Most common; life cycle between spring and fall. Ex spring wheat and canola
What is the life cycle of winter annuals
Germinate in fall, grow in spring and summer and die within 12 months
Ex. Fall rye and winter wheat
Life cycle classification
What is the cycle of biannual crops
The complete their life cycle in 13 to 24 months. Vegetative growth in first year and second season produces seeds.
Ex. Sweet clover and sugar beet
Life cycle classification
What are perennial crops
They live for several years and can produce seeds each year
Ex. Alfalfa, trees and grapes
Classification
What is leaf retention
Based on the seed production of each category but the obvious difference is weather it drops its leaves in autumn
Tree classification
What are the two different kinds of trees
Coniferous-evergreen
Deciduous-drops leaves in autumn
Climate classification
What are Temperate plants
Plants that go through harsh winters; there for must be short seasoned or hardy plants
Tree classification
What are Tropical plants
Tender plants that can’t tolerate cold temperatures
Photo respiration classification
What is c3 respiration
- 85% of plants use C3 respiration
- not as effective in hot climates
- fixed into a 3 carbon molecule
Photo respiration classification
What is C4 respiration
- fixed into 4 carbon molecules
- can change locations of photosynthesis in the plant
- effective in hot climates
Main plant type classification
What is the difference between monocots and dicots
Monocots:
are grasses, have one cotyledon, plumule enclosed and protected by coleoptile, usually fibrous, have parallel veins and reproductive structures enclosed in lemme and palea
Dicot,
Are broadleaf, lack coleoptile, usually tap rooted, have network of veins and reproductive structures usually enclosed in sepals and petals
Describe monocot characteristics
Monocots:
-are grasses
-have one cotyledon
-plumule enclosed and protected by coleoptile
usually fibrous
-parallel veins and reproductive structures enclosed in lemme and palea
Describe the characteristics or dicots
Dicot
- Are broadleaf
- lack coleoptile
- usually tap rooted
- have network of veins
- reproductive structures usually enclosed in sepals and petals
