Plant Structures (lesson 16)

Question 1

Plants are composed of

Answer 1

of two main systems

Question 2

Within each system, there are

Answer 2

different
structures

Question 3

These structures are composed of different
specialized cells that

Answer 3

assist in their function

Question 4

Plants are composed of

Answer 4

specialized cells

Question 5

Like animals, plants also have undifferentiated cells…

Answer 5

Meristematic cells
the bud

Question 6

These are the vascular tissues of plants

Xylem:

Answer 6

ONLY transports water
-it only transports water in one direction (upwards) because that’s what makes them beautiful :)

“Xy to the sky”

Question 7

Phloem:

Answer 7

transports nutrients GLUCOSE
Transports in both directions because the leaves will produce glucose and then will send it to the ground tissue for storage

Question 8

Stoma(ta): cells
cell structure

Answer 8

-opening/pore
–underside of leaves
-gas exchange (CO2 in/O2 out)

Question 9

Guard cells

Answer 9

-found on either side of the stoma
-control the opening and closing of the stoma
-they swell or shrink with water

Question 10

when stoma is open

Answer 10

they can do gas exchange

Question 11

why would they close the stoma

Answer 11

water is constantly leaving the plant (transporation)
to prevent water loss

Question 12

the amount of water depends on whether or not the

Answer 12

guard cells will stay opened or closed

Question 13

The Roots:

Answer 13

The roots absorb nutrients from the soil
-central vascular bundle will tell you that your loooking at the roots

Question 14

The Stem

Answer 14

The stem provides structural support and
transports nutrients
-ring shaped vascular bundles (major highway for nutrients)

Question 15

The leaves conduct

Answer 15

photosynthesis and gas exchange

Question 16

The plant structure is

Answer 16

complex

Question 17

Tissues found in leaves:
because we have lots of ground tissue

Answer 17

photosynthesis
dermal prevents water loss

Question 18

Plants structures must interact to provide the structural support and the nutrients
necessary for the plant to survive
PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Answer 18

CO2 + H2O + energy 🡪 C6H12O6 + O2

Question 19

Much like animals, plant cells start off as undifferentiated cells. What is the name of an
undifferentiated plant cell? In a plant, what would be an example of this type of cell?

Answer 19

Meristematic cell (e.g. buds)

Question 20

What part of a plant would you expect to have a high number of chloroplast? Why?

Answer 20

Leaf of plants – site of photosynthesis

Question 21

Compare the functions of the xylem and phloem and describe how they aid in the survival of a
plant.

Answer 21

Xylem: carry water upwards
Phloem: carry food in both directions

Question 22

Explain how the guard cells and stomata function together. Would you expect them to be open
during the night time?

Answer 22

When there is sufficient amount of water in the plant, guard cells swell and allow gas exchange to
occur in the stomata.
When there is insufficient amount of water in the plant, guard cells deflate and close the stomata.
Stomata would be closed at night because there would be no sunlight  no photosynthesis

Question 23

If there was a sudden prolonged period of darkness (3 days) in a region, what would you expect
to happen to plants that were living in the region?

Answer 23

Their guard cells and stomata would be closed but the plants would still survive because they are still
able to take up nutrients from the soil and undergo cellular respiration.