Lesson 10: Digestive System

Question 1

What is “the digestive system”? (steps)

Answer 1

1. ingestion
2. digestion (stomach)
3. absorption (small intestines-large intestines
   4 Egestion/excretion (rectal+anus)

Question 2

Why is the digestive system important?

Answer 2

-helps get rid of waste
-absorb nutrients
-breaking up foods

Question 3

The digestive system is made up of

Answer 3

several organs and accessory organs

Question 4

The organs can be referred to as

Answer 4

the “gastrointestinal tract” or “gut”

Question 5

“gastrointestinal tract” or “gut”
does it touch food?

Answer 5

does it touch food?
-yes-digestive tract
no-accessory organ

Question 6

Mouth (or “oral cavity”)

Purpose of mechanical digestion (biting, chewing/using muscles to break down the food/physically break down the food):

Answer 6

the increase of surface area helps efficient digestion
helps stomach acids

tongue+teeth help

Question 7

Esophagus

Purpose:

Answer 7

it is composed of smooth muscles
it’s a big tube of muscles-series of muscles of contraction
PERISTALSIS
connect mouth to stomach
strong wave-like motions of the smooth muscle move balls of swallowed food to the stomach.

Question 8

PERISTALSIS

Answer 8

RYTHMIC WAVE-LIKE CONTRACTION OF MUSCLES. MOVES FOOD IN ONE DIRECTION.

EX. last part of your freezy you push it up with you fingers
it’s taking the tube and is closing part of the tube, it’s going to push your freezy upwards

muscles contract and push food down

Question 9

how does PERISTALSIS help astronauts?

Answer 9

there is no gravity in space, they need this muscle to push their food down

Question 10

stomach-doors

Answer 10

its like a room with top and bottom doors, one connects to esophagus and one connects to intestine. The doors are called sphincter

Question 11

top door on the stomach is called

Answer 11

cardiac sphincter/gastroesophagea sphincter

Question 12

STOMOACH

Answer 12

storage site and chemical digestion
stomach has stomach acids; main acid is hydrochloric acid-it usually stays at 1-2 ph
stomach blends all the food using stomach acid (breaks down), if the cardiac sphincter doesn’t close on time, the stomach acid splash up to the esophogeos and because that’s located near the heart we get HEART BURNS

Question 13

types of digestion

Answer 13

-mechanical (mouth and stomach)
-chemical (stomach)

Question 14

stomach-bottom door is called

Answer 14

Pyloric sphincter connects to small intestine.

Question 15

small intestine is length

Answer 15

8-10 meters

Question 16

form fits function-very long tube -small intestine

Answer 16

mechanical and chemical digestion and absorbtion
helps absorb nutrients and remove waste.
we see mechanical and chemical digestion
liver helps with fats
sugars proteins -are taken out

Question 17

purpose of villa

Answer 17

finger like projections are there to increase surface area
villi increase suraface area and microvili help with abosoption of nutritions located on the walls of small intestines

Question 18

accessory organs

Answer 18

liver, pancreas, gall bladder
liver helps with releasing bile to help digest food with high fat concentration

Question 19

micro villas

Answer 19

blood vessals in micro villas is going to transport proteins

Question 20

large intestine, rectum, and anus
purpose

Answer 20

storage, reabsorption of water, and excretion
main function is to reabsorb water
rectum stores-waste
anus -excretion

Question 21

why do we have an appendix?

Answer 21

we don’t know?
storage of bacteria maybe?

Question 22

why do we
As food moves through the gastrointestinal tract, it is broken down and nutrients are absorbed for the use by cells

Answer 22

Cellular Respiration!!!!

Question 23

Cellular Respiration

Answer 23

C6H12O6 + O2 🡪 CO2 + H2O + energy
C6H12-glucus

Question 24

digestive system provides (cellular respiration)

Answer 24

glucose for cellular respiration eqaution

Question 25

Medicine and Health-

Answer 25

Excess stomach acid regurgitates
back into esophagus causing heart burn/GERD

Question 26

Epiglottis (digestive)

Answer 26

A movable “lid” just above the larynx that prevents food and drink from entering your windpipe. But if the epiglottis becomes swollen — either from infection or from injury — the airway narrows and may become completely blocked.

covers the trachea: let the food go down the esophagus
covers the esophagus: let the air down the trachea