Biology Mitosis (lesson 4) Flashcards
Cells undergo the cell cycle as they
grow, replicate, and die
When cells replicate and divide for growth, this is called
“asexual reproduction”
The specific processes of cell division is called
“mitosis” and
“cytokinesis”
Most single celled organisms reproduce through simple
binary fission
Multicellular organisms go through two steps during cell division:
mitosis and cytokinesis
Mitosis is the
division of the nucleus and nuclear contents
Cytokinesis is
the division of the cell and cell contents
The cell cycle is a
summary of the life of a cell
The cell cycle is comprised of three (3) distinct stages:
Interphase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
The length of time to complete a cell cycle is
is different for different
types of cells
Interphase:
the phase in which cells grow, function, and DNA replicates
Cell division occurs in two (2) stages:
Mitosis: The process by which in most animal and plant cells the
chromosomes (in its cell nucleus) separate into two identical sets, in two
separate nuclei
Cytokinesis: The division of a cell into two cells containing roughly equal
shares of the cellular components
Mitosis consists of four (4) phases:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Chromosomes (chromatids) condense and thicken
Sister chromatids are connected by a “centromere”
Nuclear membrane (envelope) disintegrates
Spindle fibers form from the centrosomes
Metaphase
The paired chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell
Spindle fibers from the centrosomes attach to the sister chromatids
