Cell Division and DNA Replication (slide 3)

Question 1

Cells divide for

Answer 1

growth and repair

Question 2

There is a limit to cell size

Answer 2

EFFICIENCY
-if it gets too big it’s not efficient (blood cells are very small because they need to transport oxygen & carbon dioxide)

Question 3

Cells move particles and fluid through the processes of

Answer 3

diffusion and osmosis

Question 4

Diffusion:

Answer 4

The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration

Question 5

Osmosis:

Answer 5

The movement of water from hypotonic solution to hypertonic solution

Question 6

Cell Division

Answer 6

The process by which a cell divides into two or more cells

Question 7

Why do cells divide?

Answer 7

GROWTH: Multi-celled organisms originate from a single cell therefore cell division is necessary for
organisms to grow (i.e. sperm and egg 🡪 zygotes)
REPAIR: To replace damaged or dead cells
Reproduction: cells divide to reproduce. they clone themselves.

Question 8

there are cells that can’t reproduce

Answer 8

brain cells

Question 9

Cell Division

Answer 9

A cell called a “parent cell” undergoes mitosis and cytokinesis to produce two
identical cells, called “daughter cells”

Question 10

How does a cell replicate successfully?

Answer 10

The cell’s genetic info must be copied

The copies of the genetic info must be separated from each other

The cell must divide

Question 11

Almost every cell in the human body contains

Answer 11

23 pairs of chromosomes (46
chromosomes)

Exceptions are sex cells (sperm and egg)

23 chromosomes from each parent (22 autosomal and 1 sex chromosome)

Question 12

DNA (genetic material) is in the

Answer 12

nucleus of animal and plant cells in the form of
chromosomes

Question 13

DNA in the nucleus (during most of the cell cycle) is in the form of

Answer 13

“chromatin”

Question 14

Chromosomes are condensed double strands of

Answer 14

DNA (during mitosis)

Question 15

1. Cells are constantly dividing. Name three (3) reasons for cell division.

Answer 15

Cells are constantly dividing:
- for growth (of an organism)
- to repair/replenish damaged or dying cells
- to maximize efficiency (while moving particles in/out of cells)

Question 16

2. Provide a reason why cells divide instead of continue to grow larger.

Answer 16

If cells get too large, it becomes difficult (and inefficient) at moving nutrients into the cell and waste
out of the cell

Question 17

3. Based on your understanding of cell division, which types of cells would you expect to undergo
   cell division more often: skin cells or toe nail cells? Explain.

Answer 17

Skin cells – are damaged more constantly and need to be replenished constantly (to keep foreign
substances out

Question 18

Identify the proper term for DNA:
a. when it is thin strands during interphase:

Answer 18

chromatin

Question 19

Identify the proper term for DNA:
when it has condensed during mitosis:

Answer 19

chromosome