plant responses Flashcards

1
Q

auxin stimulates…

A

newly formed cells to get longer

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2
Q

where is auxin produced?

A

the ends of shoots where it can diffuse down the stem

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3
Q

auxin causes…

A

phototropism

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4
Q

phototropism

A

young stems bend towards light

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5
Q

____ inhibits auxin transport

A

light

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6
Q

auxin elongates cells on___ side

A

dark

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7
Q

phototropism bends stem toward…

A

light

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8
Q

how is phototropism used to kill weeds?

A

makes weeds grow too much unitil they die

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9
Q

cytokinin encourages

A

cell division

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10
Q

where is cytokinin produced?

A

in the roots

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11
Q

cytokinin stimulates

A

branch formation

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12
Q

primary apical meristem inhibits..

A

branch formation

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13
Q

auxin suppresses ______ from…

A

auxiliary buds from forming branches

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14
Q

tip of tree produces auxin which is why…

A

the top of trees have much smaller branches than the bottom of the tree.

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15
Q

cytokinin stimulates…

A

axillary buds to form branches

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16
Q

___ of tree produces cytokinin

A

bottom

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17
Q

levels of ___ and ___ determine branch growth

A

auxin and cytokinin

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18
Q

gibberellin stimulates

A

cell division and cell elongation

19
Q

what especially helps fruit grow bigger?

A

gibberellin

20
Q

gibberellin is released by

A

embryo to stimulate germination

21
Q

abscisic acid prevents …

A

seed from germinating

22
Q

what prevents seed from sprouting in the fruit?

A

abscisic acid

23
Q

ethylene gas helps sprouts

A

avoid obstacles

24
Q

ethylene gas: triple response

A

o Grows slower
o Becomes thicker and stronger
o Grows horizontally

25
Q

leaf abscission

A

dropping leaves (like in the fall)

26
Q

______ helps fruit ripen

A

ethylene gas

27
Q

how do plants detect light?

A

with phytochrome pigments
red: activates them
darkness: inactivates them

28
Q

plants open stomata during…

A

day and close them at night

29
Q

short day plants flower in the

A

fall

30
Q

short day plants flower when nights…

A

become LONG enough

31
Q

short day plants seeds overwinter in the soil and ..

A

sprout the next spring

32
Q

land day plants flower in the

A

spring

33
Q

long day plants flower when night becomes

A

short enough

34
Q

long day plants seeds may

A

sprout immediately or over winter

35
Q

positive tropism

A

plant grows toward stimulus

36
Q

negative tropism

A

plant grows away from stimulus

37
Q

common tropisms include

A

Phototropism, Gravitropism, Thigmotropism

38
Q

phototropism: shoots have positive phototropism

A

grows toward light source enabled by auxin which is inhibited by light

39
Q

phototropism: roots have negative phototropism

A

grow away form light source

40
Q

gravitropism: shoots have negative gravitropism

A

shoots grow away from gravity

41
Q

gravitropism: roots have positive gravitropism

A

roots grow toward gravity

42
Q

negative thigmotropism

A

most plants grow away from touch

43
Q

positive thigmotropism

A

they hold on to larger plants for support

44
Q

example of positive thigmotropism

A

vines: reach tendril stems toward touching object