Plant and animal cells Flashcards
What are cells with a nucleus and memrane bound organelles called?
eukaryotic cells
What features do animal and plant cells both have?
cell membrane
nucleus
cytoplasm
mitochondria
ribosomes
What features does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t?
cell wall
central vacuole
chloroplasts
What does a cell membrane do?
controls what enters and leaves the cell
oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide
What is the nucleus?
a large structure containing genes that control the cell’s activities
What is the cytoplasm?
a jelly-like substance that fills the cell
where reactions take place
What are mitochondria?
tiny structures where respiration takes place
release energy for cell processes
What are ribosomes?
where proteins are made
smaller than other organelles
Name the three structures that are found in most plant cells but not animal cells, and describe their functions.
- chloroplasts
- where photosynthesis takes place
- makes food/glucose for the plant cell
- cell wall
- made of cellulose
- tough, supports the cell and keeps its shape
- large central vacuole
- contains cell sap
- helps keep the plant cell rigid
Muscle cells contain more mitochondria than skin cells. Suggest why.
Muscle cells respire more
they need more energy/ATP
they carry out (aerobic) respiration/produce ATP
mitochondria are needed for respiration
Plants don’t have skeletons. Explain how they stand upright.
the plant is supported by the cell wall around each cell
the vacuole also supports the cell when it is full
the cell wall is rigid and keeps the cells shape
Explain why not all plant cells have chloroplasts.
not all plant cells are exposed to light/photosynthesise
(e.g. root hair cells)
cells that don’t photosynthesise don’t need chloroplasts
