Hormones Flashcards
What are hormones?
chemical messangers that target organs in the body
What are hormones released by?
endocrine glands into the blood
pituitary gland
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (luteinising hormone)
in the brain
hypothalamus
TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone)
CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone)
in the brain
thyroid
thyroxine
base of the neck
adrenal glands
adrenalin
top of the kidneys
pancreas
insulin
glucagon
above the kidneys but below the lungs
ovaries
oestrogen
progesterone
testes
testosterone
Target organ: TRH and CRH
pituitary gland
Target organ: TSH
thyroid gland
Target organ: ADH
kidney
Target organ: FSH and LH
ovaries
Target organ: insulin and glucagon
liver, muscles, and adipose tissue
Target organ: adrenalin
various organs, heart, liver, skin
Target organ: progesterone
uterus
Target organ: oestrogen
ovaries, uterus, pituitary gland
Target organ: testosterone
male reproductive organs
What is a target organ?
Where a hormone acts/ causes a response
State what a hormone is.
a chemical messenger / substance produced by an endocrine gland
travels in blood and affects target organs/cells
Give two differences between nervous and hormonal communication.
hormones are chemical
nerve impulses are electrical/ionic
hormones travel in blood to all parts of the body/ target organs
nerve impulses travel directly to the site of action/ muscles or glands
nerve impulses usually affect one organ
hormones may affect several organs
nerve impulses are short lived and quicker
hormones last longer and are slower to work
What happens to a hormone once it has been used?
it is destroyed by the liver
