Enzymes

Question 1

enzymes

Answer 1

biological catalysts that control reactions in the body

each one is specific

Question 2

What is enzyme activity affected by?

Answer 2

temperature
substrate concentration
pH

Question 3

What is the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?

Answer 3

-lower temps
molecules move slower
less energy
substrates take longer to fit into and react in the active site

-optimum temperature
enzyme working at fastest rate
more energy
molecules move faster

-higher temps
enzymes start to denature
active site changes shape
substrate doesn't fit as tightly
reaction takes longer

-very high temps
active site breaks up
enzyme is denatured
substrate no longer fits
irreversible

Question 4

What is the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of reaction?

Answer 4

-low concentration
not every active site of each enzyme is busy
adding more substrate increases the rate of reaction

-high concentration
past a certain point adding more substrate has little effect
the active site of every enzyme is busy

Question 5

Two molecules enter an active site and react to form one molecule. What is the general term given to this new molecule?

Answer 5

product molecule

Question 6

Explain the role of the active site in an enzyme controlled reaction.

Answer 6

the shape of the active site matches the shape of the substrate molecules
it holds them close together
bonds form between them to make the product
product molecule doesn’t fit the active site and is released from the enzyme

Question 7

Explain what is meant by the active site of an enzyme.

Answer 7

the part of the enzyme molecule where the substrate binds to/fits in to

where the reaction takes place

Question 8

Enzymes in the human liver have an optimum temperature of about 37 degrees C. Explain why our body temp is controlled to stay at about 37 degrees C.

Answer 8

enzymes are always at their optimum temperature

reactions occur at the fastest rate