Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Otorhinolaryngology > Physiology of Hearing and Balance > Flashcards

Physiology of Hearing and Balance Flashcards

1
Q

what frequencies do human receive?

A

20Hz-20,000Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

state the healthy hearing range of a heathy 20 year old male

A

0-20Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

state the congenital deformity where the pinna (external ear) is underdeveloped

A

microtia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

state the TM:OW ratio

A

18-21:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

state the pressure gain due to TM:OW ratio

A

x22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

state the ratio of malleus handle to incus long process

A

1.3:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

state the theoretical mechanical gain of the ratio of malleus handle to incus long process

A

34dB

actually nearer 20-25dB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

name the structure tat acts as a ventilation pathway for middle ear mucous

A

eustachian tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the resting state of cartilaginous tube of eustachian tube is closed but opened by what 2 muscles?

A

tensor veli palatini & levator palatine muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

dysfunction of the Eustachian tube leads to ________ pressure

A

dysfunction of the Eustachian tube leads to NEGATIVE pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name the 2 openings to the cochlea to the middle ear

A

oval window

round window

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what permits transmission of pressure wave in enclosed canal and vibration of the basilar membrane?

A

the oval and round windows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

name the curved spiral part of the cochlea

A

lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

there are 2 1/2 turns around the central ________ in the cochlea

A

there are 2 1/2 turns around the central MODIOLUS in the cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

scala vestibuli/tympani goes into the round/oval window

scala vestibuli/tympani goes into the round/oval window

A

scala vestibuli goes into the round window

scala tympani goes into the oval window

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

name the fluid between the membraneous labyrinth of the ear and the bone which encloses it

A

perilymph

17
Q

scala media (____lymph) suspended in between scala tympani & scala vestibuli (____lymph)

A

scala media (ENDOlymph) suspended in between scala tympani & scala vestibuli (PERIlymph)

18
Q

name the receptor organ for hearing that is located in the cochlea

A

organ of corti

19
Q

name the important part of the brain involved in hearing:

Left/Right Anterior/Posterior Superior/Inferior temporal gyrus

A

Left Posterior Superior temporal gyrus

20
Q

name the mnemonic for learning the central pathway in hearing

A

E COLI

Eighth cranial nerve

Cochlear nucleus
Olivary muscle
Lateral lemniscus
Inferior colliculus

21
Q

state the inter week ago of a foetus in which it can:

(a) hear
(b) respond to sound/voice

A

(a) hear - 18 WEEKS

(b) respond to sound/voice - 26 WEEKS

22
Q

one in how many infants have bilateral severe/profound hearing loss, many more will have milder losses?

A

1:1000

23
Q

profound hearing loss in newborns is identified by newborn hearing _________

A

profound hearing loss in newborns is identified by newborn hearing SCREENING

24
Q

cochlear implants are inserted into the scala _______

A

cochlear implants are inserted into the scala tympani

25
Q

state the age of the child:

(a) cooing, recognizes mother’s voice
(b) babbling, turns to sound or eyes toward sound, makes happy & sad sounds
(c) may make simple noises, mama / dada. Follows instructions, turns to sound

A

(a) cooing, recognizes mother’s voice - 3 MONTHS
(b) babbling, turns to sound or eyes toward sound, makes happy & sad sounds - 6 MONTHS
(c) may make simple noises, mama / dada. Follows instructions, turns to sound - 12 MONTHS

26
Q

name the part of the ear:

(a) sound collector
(b) mechanical force amplifier
(c) sound transducer/analyser

A

(a) sound collector - OUTER
(b) mechanical force amplifier - MIDDLE
(c) sound transducer/analyser - INNER

27
Q

wave passes through the _______ maximally stimulating a particular area of the _______ membrane. The organ of _____ here _____polarises and fires – stimulating the ____th nerve and then the _______ pathways

A

wave passes through the COCHLEA maximally stimulating a particular area of the BASILAR membrane. The organ of CORTI here DEpolarises and fires – stimulating the VIIIth nerve and then the CENTRAL pathways

28
Q

there is a culminating in activity in ________ ________ gyrus

A

there is a culminating in activity in SUPERIOR TEMPORAL gyrus

29
Q

in balance, the input is ___________ whereas the output is _______________

A

in balance, the input is VESTIBULAR whereas the output is VESTIBULOSPINAL

30
Q

superior/inferior vestibular nerve:

(a) innervation to lateral and anterior SCC and utricle
(b) innervation to posterior SCC and saccule

A

(a) innervation to lateral and anterior SCC and utricle - SUPERIOR VESTIBULAR NERVE
(b) innervation to posterior SCC and saccule - INFERIOR VESTIBULAR NERVE

31
Q

name the longest hair of the middle ear

A

kinocilium

32
Q

state what would if the hairs

(a) deviate from the longest hair
(b) go toward the longest hair

A

(a) deviate from the longest hair - DECREASES FIRING RATE - HYPERPOLARISES
(b) go toward the longest hair - INCREASES FIRING RATE - HYPOPOLARISES

33
Q

the semi-circular canals are positioned __ degrees to each other

A

the semi-circular canals are positioned 90 degrees to each other - paired, equal and opposite

34
Q

the cupula sits in the _______ of a SCC

A

the cupula sits in the AMPULLA of a SCC

35
Q

name the 2 otolith organs

A

urticle and saccule

Otorhinolaryngology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions