Physiology and Histology of Skin Flashcards
Physiology is described as
the study of the function of living organisms
what is the largest organ of the body?
Skin
appendages include?
glands, skin and nails
what does the skin protect against?
microorganisms and outside elements
the barrier function of the skin includes?
acid mantle
what is the average pH of the acid mantle?
5.5
sensory nerve fibers are most abundant in?
the fingertips
the average internal body temp is?
98.6
what type of gland secretes perspiration and detoxifies the body?
sudorifierous
functions of the sebaceous glands?
soften skin, secrete oil and protect skin from outside elements
what layer of the epidermis is located under the stratum corneum?
stratum lucidem
where in the body is skin the thickest?
the palms and soles of feet
what is the thickest layer of the skin called?
dermis
what are the two layers of the dermis?
reticular and papillary
what is the greatest aging effect on the skin?
UV rays
what type of UV rays are the burning rays?
UVB rays
what percent of aging is caused by sun exposure
80-85%
mitosis occurs in what layer of the skin?
stratum germinativum
what makes up about 95% of the epidermis
keratinocytes
why is it important to understand the function of each layer of the skin?
so you can choose products and treatments correctly
what do cells need in order to survive?
nourishment, functions and protection
subcutis or what tissue is found below the reticular layer?
adipose tissue
what is the average cells turnover rate for the skin cells in the epidermis?
28 days
Keratin and intercellular lipids are formed in what layer?
stratum granulosum
your skin contains what fraction of your bodys immune system?
half
what is the thickest layer of the skin?
dermis
desquamation is what?
shedding of kertinocytes from the skin
what is folliculitis?
ingrown hair
which fibers stimulate the arrector pili muscle?
motor nerves
the intercellular cement between epidermal calls is made up of what?
lipids
what do free radicals do?
super oxidizers, attack cell membranes and steal electrons
immune cells that protect us from foreign substances are?
T cells
what indicates free radical damage?
red inflamed skin
differences in genetic skin color are due to what?
the amount of melanin activated in the skin
what aids in the production of elastin and collagen?
fibroblasts
products that suppress melanin production by interrupting biochemical processes are what?
Tryosinase inhibitors
what does TEWL stand for?
transepidermal water loss
which layer of the skin produces melanin?
stratum germinativum
squamous cells are what?
flat, scaly cells
the junction of the dermis and the epidermis is what layer?
papillary
estrogen used in hormones replacement therapy can come from where?
plants and animals
what does intercellular mean?
inbetween
apocrine glands are most active during?
emotional changes
which cells in the basal layer produce pigments granules?
melonocytes
what causes stretch marks?
damaged elastin fibers
