Basics of Chemistry Chp 7 Flashcards
an alteration of the properties of a substance without formation of a new substance is what kind of change?
physical change
what organic compounds are substances containing carbon that evaporate very quickly and easily?
volatile
what are substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products?
alkanolamines
a chemical reaction in which oxygen is subtracted from or hydrogen is added to a substance is called what?
reduction reaction
anything that occupies space?
matter
in creating a solution. the liquid used to dissolve a substance is called the what?
solvent
when a substance is combined with oxygen that substance is what?
oxidized
redox is a contraction for what?
oxidation reduction
a combination of substances that are held together by physical rather than chemical ties is called what?
mixture
substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify are what?
surfactants
there are about how many naturally occurring elements, each with its own distinctive physical and chemical properties
90
when two or more elements combine chemically they form a new substance called what?
a compound
what type of change occurs when ice melts and becomes water?
physical change
a special type of oil used in nail polish dryers and as a skin protectant is what?
silicone
a molecule is formed by joining two or more what chemically?
atoms
organic chemistry is the study of all substances containing what?
carbon
the smallest particle of an element is?
an atom
the formation of a new product by the uniting of two or more elements is known as what?
compound
when two or more atoms are joined together chemically, what is created?
a molecule
another name for alkalis is what?
bases
substances that cannot be reduced to simpler substances are called what
elements
a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound is known as what?
a reducing agent
when fermented to make wine, the sugar in grapes is converted into what?
ethyl alcohol
the tail of a surfactant molecule is what? (oil loving)
lipophilic
the head of a surfactant molecule is what?( water loving)
hydrophilic
pure water with a pH of 7 is considered to be what?
neutral
a permanent mixture of two or more substances that are untied with the aid of a binder known as what?
an emulsion
the separating of a substance into ions is known as?
ionization
if a product has a pH of 8.9 it is considered what?
alkaline
a preparation made by dissolving a solid liquid or gas substances in another substance is?
solution
the branch of chemistry that deals with products that do not contain carbon is called what?
inorganic chemistry
liquids that mix easily are known as?
misclible
temporary mixtures of two kinds of matter are what?
suspensions
what is the basic unit of matter that cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
atom
a chemical reaction in which oxygen is subtracted from or hydrogen is added into substances is called?
reduction
when acids and alkalis are mixed together in equal proportions they do what to eachother?
neutralize eachother
all matter exists in one of three different physical forms, what are they
solid liquid and gas
in creating a solution, the liquid used to dissolve a substance is?
the solvent
substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify are?
surfactants
organic chemistry is the study of all substances containing?
carbon
nail polish containing glitter is an unstable physical mixture of undissolved particles in liquid which is known as
suspension
the separating of a substance into ions is known as
ioniztion
oxygen is an example of an?
element molecule
a combination of substances that are held together by physical rather than chemical ties is known as?
physical mixtures
anything that occupies space, has a physical and chemical properties and exists in a solid liquid or gas is?
matter
when two or more atoms are joined together chemically what is created?
molecule
when a substance gains oxygen the substance is ?
oxidized
only products that contain what can have a pH?
water
when one chemical changes its state of matter then the change is?
chemical
what is made when salt is dissolved in water?
solution
a mixture of two or more substances that are united with the aid of a binder is?
emulsion
everything known to exist in the universe is either made of matter or what?
energy
a new substance formed by chemically combining two or more atoms of different elements is known as?
chemical compounds
because it has the ability to dissolve more substances than any other solvent and is known as the universal solvent is?
water
a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound is known as?
reducing agent
