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Esthetics > Basics of Chemistry Chp 7 > Flashcards

Basics of Chemistry Chp 7 Flashcards

1
Q

an alteration of the properties of a substance without formation of a new substance is what kind of change?

A

physical change

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2
Q

what organic compounds are substances containing carbon that evaporate very quickly and easily?

A

volatile

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3
Q

what are substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products?

A

alkanolamines

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4
Q

a chemical reaction in which oxygen is subtracted from or hydrogen is added to a substance is called what?

A

reduction reaction

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5
Q

anything that occupies space?

A

matter

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6
Q

in creating a solution. the liquid used to dissolve a substance is called the what?

A

solvent

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7
Q

when a substance is combined with oxygen that substance is what?

A

oxidized

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8
Q

redox is a contraction for what?

A

oxidation reduction

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9
Q

a combination of substances that are held together by physical rather than chemical ties is called what?

A

mixture

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10
Q

substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify are what?

A

surfactants

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11
Q

there are about how many naturally occurring elements, each with its own distinctive physical and chemical properties

A

90

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12
Q

when two or more elements combine chemically they form a new substance called what?

A

a compound

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13
Q

what type of change occurs when ice melts and becomes water?

A

physical change

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14
Q

a special type of oil used in nail polish dryers and as a skin protectant is what?

A

silicone

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15
Q

a molecule is formed by joining two or more what chemically?

A

atoms

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16
Q

organic chemistry is the study of all substances containing what?

A

carbon

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17
Q

the smallest particle of an element is?

A

an atom

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18
Q

the formation of a new product by the uniting of two or more elements is known as what?

A

compound

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19
Q

when two or more atoms are joined together chemically, what is created?

A

a molecule

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20
Q

another name for alkalis is what?

A

bases

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21
Q

substances that cannot be reduced to simpler substances are called what

A

elements

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22
Q

a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound is known as what?

A

a reducing agent

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23
Q

when fermented to make wine, the sugar in grapes is converted into what?

A

ethyl alcohol

24
Q

the tail of a surfactant molecule is what? (oil loving)

A

lipophilic

25
Q

the head of a surfactant molecule is what?( water loving)

A

hydrophilic

26
Q

pure water with a pH of 7 is considered to be what?

A

neutral

27
Q

a permanent mixture of two or more substances that are untied with the aid of a binder known as what?

A

an emulsion

28
Q

the separating of a substance into ions is known as?

A

ionization

29
Q

if a product has a pH of 8.9 it is considered what?

A

alkaline

30
Q

a preparation made by dissolving a solid liquid or gas substances in another substance is?

A

solution

31
Q

the branch of chemistry that deals with products that do not contain carbon is called what?

A

inorganic chemistry

32
Q

liquids that mix easily are known as?

A

misclible

33
Q

temporary mixtures of two kinds of matter are what?

A

suspensions

34
Q

what is the basic unit of matter that cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means

A

atom

35
Q

a chemical reaction in which oxygen is subtracted from or hydrogen is added into substances is called?

A

reduction

36
Q

when acids and alkalis are mixed together in equal proportions they do what to eachother?

A

neutralize eachother

37
Q

all matter exists in one of three different physical forms, what are they

A

solid liquid and gas

38
Q

in creating a solution, the liquid used to dissolve a substance is?

A

the solvent

39
Q

substances that act as a bridge to allow oil and water to mix or emulsify are?

A

surfactants

40
Q

organic chemistry is the study of all substances containing?

A

carbon

41
Q

nail polish containing glitter is an unstable physical mixture of undissolved particles in liquid which is known as

A

suspension

42
Q

the separating of a substance into ions is known as

A

ioniztion

43
Q

oxygen is an example of an?

A

element molecule

44
Q

a combination of substances that are held together by physical rather than chemical ties is known as?

A

physical mixtures

45
Q

anything that occupies space, has a physical and chemical properties and exists in a solid liquid or gas is?

A

matter

46
Q

when two or more atoms are joined together chemically what is created?

A

molecule

47
Q

when a substance gains oxygen the substance is ?

A

oxidized

48
Q

only products that contain what can have a pH?

A

water

49
Q

when one chemical changes its state of matter then the change is?

A

chemical

50
Q

what is made when salt is dissolved in water?

A

solution

51
Q

a mixture of two or more substances that are united with the aid of a binder is?

A

emulsion

52
Q

everything known to exist in the universe is either made of matter or what?

A

energy

53
Q

a new substance formed by chemically combining two or more atoms of different elements is known as?

A

chemical compounds

54
Q

because it has the ability to dissolve more substances than any other solvent and is known as the universal solvent is?

A

water

55
Q

a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound is known as?

A

reducing agent

Esthetics (20 decks)

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