Physiology 2 - Respiratory mechanisms Flashcards
2 major inspiratory muscles
1) diaphragm
2) external intercostal muscles
3 accessory muscles of inspiration
1) sternacleidomastoid
2) scalenus
3) pectoral
2 muscles of active expiration
1) abdominal muscles
2) internal intercostal muscles
tidal volume
volume of air entering of leaving lungs during a single breath
inspiratory reserve volume
extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired over and above the typical resting tidal volume
expiratory reserve volume
extra volume of air that can be actively expired by maximal contraction beyond normal volume of air after resting tidal volume
residual volume
minimum volume of air remaining in lungs even after maximum expiration
functional residual capacity
volume of air in lungs at end of passive expiration
vital capacity
maximum volume of air that can be moved out during a single breath following a maximal inspiration
total lung capacity
Total volume of air that the lungs can hold
inspiratory capacity
maximum volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal quiet expiration
can residual volume be measured by spirometry?
residual volume CANNOT be measured by this piece of apparatus
whats the effects on residual volume when the elastic recoil of the lungs is lost
residual volume increases/worsens
what is forced vital capacity (FVC)
maximum volume that can be forcibly expelled from lungs following maximum inspiration
what is FEV1
forced expiratory volume in one second