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PANCE prep JQ > Physical Diagnosis > Flashcards

Physical Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

Umbilicated lesions

A

Molluscon contagiosum

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2
Q

Pink macular with purple central papules

A

Erythema multiforum

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3
Q

ACBDs if malignant melanoma

A 
Asymmetrical 
Borders are irregular 
Color is variable
Diameter is >6mm
Elevation/evolving
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4
Q

Macule

A

Flat <1cm

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5
Q

Patch

A

Flat >1cm

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6
Q

Papule

A

Palpable firm up to 1cm

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7
Q

Plaque

A

Palpable >1cm

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8
Q

Nodule

A

> 0.5cm, deeper and former than papule

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9
Q

Tumor

A

> 2cm, a large nodule

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10
Q

Vesicles

A

<1cm

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11
Q

Dew drops on rose petals

A

Herpes simplex

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12
Q

Bulla

A

> 1cm

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13
Q

Erosion

A

Loss of superficial epidermis

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14
Q

Ulcer

A

Deeper loss of epidermis and dermis

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15
Q

Petechiae

A

<0.5cm, nonblanchable

Think infection and bleeding disorders

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16
Q

Purpura

A

> 0.5cm, large petechiae

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17
Q

Spider angiomas

A

Blanch with pressure

Associated with pregnancy and liver dz

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18
Q

Cherry angiomas

A

Don’t blanch

Associated with aging

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19
Q

Telangectasias

A

Blanchable

Associated with BCC, sun damage and rosacea

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20
Q

5Ps of lichen planus

A 
Pruritic 
Polygonal 
Purple
Planar
Papules
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21
Q

Beau’s lines

A

Horizontal lines in nails that indicate trauma or acute sever illness. Grow out with nails

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22
Q

Paronychia

A

Inflammation of proximal and lateral nail folds

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23
Q

Onychocryptosis

A

Ingrown toenail

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24
Q

Terry’s nails

A

White part of nail is more than 1/3 nail bed

Aging, cirrhosis, diabetes, or heart failure

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25
Q

Leukonychia

A

White marks on nails due to manicuring or trauma

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26
Q

Koilonychia

A

Spoon nails (possible Fe deficiency)

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27
Q

Onycholysis

A

Painful separation of nail from nail bed (trauma, psoriasis, contact dermatitis)

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28
Q

CN I

A

Olfactory

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29
Q

CN II

A

Optic

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30
Q

CN III

A

Oculomotor

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31
Q

CN IV

A

Trochlear

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32
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal

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33
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens

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34
Q

CN VII

A

Facial

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35
Q

CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

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36
Q

CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal

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37
Q

CN X

A

Vagus

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38
Q

CN XI

A

Accessory

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39
Q

CN XII

A

Hypoglossal

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40
Q

Kerion

A

Raised boggy secondarily infected fungal lesion of hair

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41
Q

Canthus

A

Eyelid corners

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42
Q

PERRL

A

Pupils are equal round and reactive to light

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43
Q

Chalazion

A

Nontender meibomian gland obstruction

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44
Q

Hordeolum

A

A stye

Tender infection of eyelid follicle

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45
Q

Dacryocystitis

A

Lacrimal sac inflammation

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46
Q

Entropion

A

Eyelid inversion

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47
Q

Ectropion

A

Eyelid eversion

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48
Q

Pingueculum

A

Harmless yellow triangular nodule on bulbar conjunctiva

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49
Q

Pterygium

A

Thickening of bulbar conjunctiva extending from inner canthus

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50
Q

Episcleritis

A

Inflammation of vessels in bulbar conjunctiva with central nodule and radiating vessels.

(Autoimmune cond, gen benign)

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51
Q

Hypopyon

A

Inflammatory cells in anterior chamber of the eye

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52
Q

Hyphema

A

Blood in anterior chamber of the eye

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53
Q

Normal cup:disc and a:v ratios

A

<1:2

2:3

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54
Q

Hypertensive retinopathy

A

Copper wire

Silver wire

AV nicking

Cotton wool patches

Hemorrhages

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55
Q

Diabetic retinopathy

A

AV nicking

Hard yellow exudates

Hemorrhage

Neovascularization

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56
Q

Bitemporal hemianopsia indicates

A

Defect at optic chiasm

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57
Q

Left homonymous hemianopsia indicates

A

Right optic tract defect

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58
Q

Esotropia

A

medial misalignment of eye

59
Q

Exotropia

A

Lateral misalignment of eye

60
Q

Hypertropia

A

Superior misalignment of eye

61
Q

Hypotropia

A

Inferior misalignment of eye

62
Q

Crescent shadow in anterior chamber depth inspection

A

Indicates increased intraocular pressure(possible glaucoma)

63
Q

Corneal reflect test

A

CN V in and CN VII out

64
Q

Hearing AC>BC

A

Normal or sensorineural hearing loss

65
Q

Hearing BC>AC

A

Conductive hearing loss

66
Q

Weber test interpretation

A

Abnormal-lateralization

If conductive loss lateralization to impaired ear and if SNHL lateralizes to good ear

67
Q

Presbycusis

A

Age related hearing loss

68
Q

Rinne test interpretation

A

Normal or SNHL :AC>BC

Conductive loss: BC>AC

69
Q

Anosmia

A

Loss of sense of smell

70
Q

Wharton’s duct

A

Drains submandibular glands

71
Q

Stensen’s duct

A

Drains parotid glands

72
Q

Majority of oral cancer is

A

SCC

73
Q

Torus palantinus

A

Benign midline mass in hard palate

74
Q

Meds that cause Gingival hyperplasia

A

Dilantin(phenytoin), cyclosporine, or CCB

75
Q

Hot potato voice and drooling

A

Peritonsillar abscess

76
Q

Winged scapula

A

Paralysis of serratus anterior from injury to long thoracic

77
Q

Sulcus sign

A

Pull down on humerus leads to shoulder groove

Indicates glenohumeral dislocation

78
Q

Rotator cuff muscles and actions

A

Supraspinatus-abduction
Infraspinatus-80% external rotation
There’s minor-20% external rotation
Subscapularis-internal rotation

79
Q

Empty can test

A

Test for supraspinatus tear

80
Q

Gerber’s loft off test

A

Subscapularis tear

81
Q

Drop arm test

A

Rotator cuff tear - infraspinatus or teres minor

82
Q

Hawkin’s test

A

Rotator cuff impingement

83
Q

Neer’s sign

A

Subacromial impingement

84
Q

Yergason test

A

Biceps tendon strength test

85
Q

Speeds test

A

Biceps tendon impingement

86
Q

Popeyes deformity

A

Biceps tendon rupture

87
Q

Apley scratch test

A

Adhesive capsulitis

88
Q

Medial epicondylitis

A

Pain reproducible with wrist flexion against resistance

89
Q

Lateral epicondylitis

A

Pain reproducible with wrist extension against resistance

90
Q

Dinner fork deformity

A

Colles fx(distal radius)

91
Q

Positive tinsel’s sign indicates

A

Carpal tunnel

92
Q

Positive phalen’s test indicates

A

Carpal tunnel

93
Q

Finkelstein test

A

De quervain’s tenosynovitis

94
Q

Boutonniere deformity

A

Hyperextension at DIP indicates central slip extensor tendon rupture

95
Q

Swan neck deformity

A

Flexion of DIP indicates volar plate attenuation of PIP joint

96
Q

Heberden’s nodes

A

On dorsolareral aspects of DIP

OA

97
Q

Bouchard’s nodes

A

Nodes at PIP

RA or OA but more typical of RA

98
Q

Median nerve check

A

Sensation in digits 3-5

Motor opposition of thumb

99
Q

Radical nerve check

A

Sensation on dorsum of hand

Wrist extension

100
Q

Ulnar nerve check

A

Sensation in pinky and hypothenar eminence

Spreading fingers

101
Q

Stethoscope diaphragm and bell useage

A

Diaphragm for high pitched (press firmly)

Bell for low pitched (light pressure)

102
Q

Cardiac areas

A

Aortic- 2nd ICS,RSB
Pulmonic-2nd ICS, LSB
tricuspid-4th and 5th ICS, LSB
mitral(apex)-5th ICS, MCL

103
Q

S1

A

Closure of tricuspid and mitral valve

104
Q

S2

A

Closure of aortic and pulmonic valves

105
Q

S3

A

Ventricular gallop

106
Q

S4

A

Atrial gallop

107
Q

Aortic/pulmonic stenosis murmur

A

Systolic crescendo-decrescendo ejection murmur

108
Q

Innocent mumur characteristics

A
109
Q

ASD murmur

A

Systolic ejection murmur with fixed splitting of S2

110
Q

MVR or TVR murmur

A

Pan/holosystolic murmur

111
Q

VSD murmur

A

Pan/holosystolic murmur

112
Q

Aortic or pulmonic regurg mumur

A

Early diastolic decresendo murmur

113
Q

Mitral/tricuspid stenosis murmur

A

Mid diastolic decresendo murmur

114
Q

Mitral stenosis mumur

A

Opening snap with diastolic rumble

115
Q

AS and aortic regurg murmur

A

Systolic-diastolic murmur

116
Q

Auscultation with pt leaning forward

A

Brings cardiac base forward

Good for listening to aortic and pulmonic valves

117
Q

Valsalva with murmurs

A

Decreases all murmurs except HCM

118
Q

MVP murmur

A

Mid-late systolic click

119
Q

Venous hum

A

Common in children

120
Q

Pericardial friction

A

Pericarditis

121
Q

Allen’s test

A

For radial and ulnar artery patency

122
Q

Diastasis recti

A

Separation of textual abdominis muscles

123
Q

Pink-purple striae

A

Cushings

124
Q

Normal liver span

A

6-12cm

125
Q

Murphy’s sign

A

Gallbladder inflammation

126
Q

Peritoneal signs

A

Rebound tenderness
Guarding
Rigidity

127
Q

Possible appendicitis

A

Rovsings sign
Papas sign
Obturator sign

128
Q

Acites signs

A

Shifting dullness

Fluid wave

129
Q

Brawny edema

A

Non putting edema usually presents with stasis dermitis

Result of chronic venous insufficiency

130
Q

Patrick’s (FABER) test

A

External rotation of leg for SI joint pain

Also called the figure four test

131
Q

Trendelenburg test

A

Hip drop indicates weak hip abductors on contralateral side

132
Q

FADIR test

A

Impingement tear of hip(internal rotation)

133
Q

Anterior drawer test is for

A

ACL tear

134
Q

Posterior drawer test is for

A

PCL tear

135
Q

Lachlan’s test

A

ACL tear

136
Q

Mcmurray test for

A

Meniscus tear

137
Q

Pes plantus

A

Flatfooted

138
Q

Pes cavus

A

High foot arch

Possible CMT dz

139
Q

Thompson test for

A

Torn Achilles’ tendon

140
Q

Galeazzi test

A

For LE limb discrepancy

141
Q

Lasegue test

A

Aka straight leg raise for sciatica

142
Q

L4 radiculopathy

A

Pain on anterior shin
Numbness on anterior knee
Weak quads/squat

143
Q

L5 radiculopathy

A

Lateral leg pain
Lateral calf numbness
Weakness of dorsiflexion/heel walk

144
Q

S1 radiculopathy

A

Posterior leg pain
Posterior calf and plantar numbness
Weakness plantar flexion l/walking on toes

PANCE prep JQ (15 decks)

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