Antibiotics

Question 1

Nephrotoxic abx

Answer 1

Cephalosporins 
Vancomycin 
Aminoglycosides 
Sulfonamides
Ampho B

Question 2

Hepatotoxic abx

Answer 2

Tetracyclines
Isoniazid
Erythromycin 
Clindamycin 
Methotrexate 
Sulfanilamide 
Ampho B

Question 3

Ototoxic abx

Answer 3

Aminoglycosides
Vanco
Minocycline

Question 4

Visual toxicity abx

Answer 4

Ethambutol

Isoniazid

Question 5

Hematopoietic toxicity

Answer 5

Chloramphenicol
Sulfonamides

(Also many antivirals)

Question 6

Abx that cause hemolytic anemia

Answer 6

Sulfonamides

Nitrofurantoin

Question 7

Abx that cause photosensitivity

Answer 7

Tetracyclines

Fluoroquinolones

Question 8

Standard duration of strep throat treatment

Answer 8

8-10 days

Question 9

Natural pcns

Answer 9

Pen G (IV, IM)
Benzathine pcn (IM)
Procaine pcn (IM)
Pen V (oral)

Question 10

Natural pcns are DOC for

Answer 10

N meningitidis
Strep pneumo
Strep A & B

Question 11

Extended spectrum pcns

Answer 11

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

Question 12

Extended spectrum pcn are DOC for

Answer 12

Listeria, h pyloria, and early lymes

Question 13

The only two antipsuedomonal pcns

Answer 13

Piperacillin

Ticarcillin

Question 14

3 most allergenic abx classes

Answer 14

Pcns
Sulfas
Cephalosporins

Question 15

Preferred pcn for rheumatic fever and syphillis

Answer 15

Pcn G benzathine

Question 16

Doc surgical prophylaxis

Answer 16

Cefazolin (kefzol, ancef)

4gm/d

Question 17

DOC N. gonorrheae

Answer 17

Ceftriaxone

Question 18

Cephalosporins that is active against MRSA and VRSA

Answer 18

Ceftaroline

Question 19

DOC Moraxella

Answer 19

2nd or 3rd generation cephalosporins

Question 20

DOC late lymes

Answer 20

3rd generation cephalosporins

Question 21

DOC Salmonella

Answer 21

3rd generation cephalosporins

Question 22

DOC E. coli, klebsiella, and proteus

Answer 22

1st or 2nd generation cephalosporins

Question 23

Cephalosporins adverse reactions

Answer 23

Disulfiram like reaction
Allergic reaction
GI(especially diarrhea)
Dose dependent renal tubular necrosis

Question 24

Aztreonam spectrum

Answer 24

Gram negative rods including pseudomonas

Good alternative for pcn allergic people

Question 25

DOC serratia and enterobacter

Answer 25

Carbapenems

Question 26

Carbapenems coverage and side effects

Answer 26

(Imipenem with cilastin, meropenem, ertapenem)

Broad spectrum

Seizures!

Question 27

Vancomycin spectrum and side effects

Answer 27

Gram positives only

Ototoxic, nephrotoxic, and red man syndrome

Question 28

Ampicillin rash

Answer 28

Generally appears 3-14 days after starting the Med but is not an allergic reaction

Common with EBV infections

Question 29

DOC MRSA, c diff, and non anthrax is bacillus

Answer 29

Vancomycin

Question 30

Fosfomycin spectrum and use

Answer 30

Gram positive and negative bacteria

Indicated for uncomplicated UTI

Question 31

Bacitracin spectrum and use

Answer 31

Gram positive bacteria

Topically with neomycin and polymixin

No oral absorption and only given IV in extreme situations due to risk of nephrotoxicity

Question 32

DOC Campylobacter, mycoplasma, and chlamydia pneumo

Answer 32

Macrolides

Question 33

Macrolides adverse reactions

Answer 33

Erythro: GI(diahrrea) and drug interactions
Clarithro: drug interactions
Azithro: some GI and some QT elongation

Question 34

Abx most associated with c diff infection

Answer 34

Clindamycin

Question 35

Good for osteomyelitis

Answer 35

Clindamycin

Question 36

Aminoglycosides spectrum

Answer 36

Only aerobes unless used with cell wall inhibitor

Question 37

Topical aminoglycosides

Answer 37

Neomycin and gentamicin

Question 38

Aminoglycosides toxicity

Answer 38

Ototoxic and nephrotoxic

Question 39

Chloramphenicol spectrum/use and side effects

Answer 39

Broad spectrum abx only uses in extreme circumstances due to risk of bone marrow suppression, gray syndrome, and aplastic anemia

Question 40

Tetracycline spectrum and adverse effects

Answer 40

Broad spectrum

Bone&teeth discoloration, liver damage, fanconi’s anemia, and photosensitization

Question 41

Tetracycline special consideration

Answer 41

Chelation with Ca, Fe, and Al (avoid taking with vitamins, milk or food)

Question 42

Fluoroquinolone spectrum

Answer 42

Broad spectrum and pseudomonas

Question 43

Prophylactic agent against anthrax

Answer 43

Fluoroquinolones

Question 44

Fluoroquinolone MOA

Answer 44

Inhibits DNA gyrase

Question 45

Special consideration with quinolones

Answer 45

Chelation with Mg, Ca and Fe. Do not take with antacids or supplements

Question 46

Quinolone adverse reactions

Answer 46

GI issues, photosensitivity, increased WT interval, AMS seizures, connective tissue issues

Question 47

Second DOC for C diff

Answer 47

Metrondidazole (Flagyl)

Question 48

Metronidazole spectrum

Answer 48

Anaerobes

Question 49

Metronidazole side effect

Answer 49

Metallic dysgeusia

Question 50

Nitrofurantoinin use, C/I, and toxicity

Answer 50

UTIs only

C/I: if creatinine clearance <50

May cause interstitial plum fibrosis with chronic use in the elderly

Question 51

Prodrug that breaks down into formaldehyde and ammonia in bladder

Answer 51

Methenamine

Question 52

Methenamine C/I

Answer 52

Hepatic insufficiency or renal insufficiency

Question 53

Sulfonamides MOA

Answer 53

Interfere with bacterial folic acid synthesis

Question 54

DOC for first UTI

Answer 54

Bactrim

Question 55

Sufa drug adverse side effects

Answer 55

SJS, photosensitivity, kernicterus in infants, and aplastic anemia in G6PD

Question 56

DOC impetigo caused by staph aureus

Answer 56

Mupirocin