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PANCE prep JQ > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Nephrotoxic abx

A 
Cephalosporins 
Vancomycin 
Aminoglycosides 
Sulfonamides
Ampho B
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2
Q

Hepatotoxic abx

A 
Tetracyclines
Isoniazid
Erythromycin 
Clindamycin 
Methotrexate 
Sulfanilamide 
Ampho B
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3
Q

Ototoxic abx

A

Aminoglycosides
Vanco
Minocycline

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4
Q

Visual toxicity abx

A

Ethambutol

Isoniazid

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5
Q

Hematopoietic toxicity

A

Chloramphenicol
Sulfonamides

(Also many antivirals)

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6
Q

Abx that cause hemolytic anemia

A

Sulfonamides

Nitrofurantoin

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7
Q

Abx that cause photosensitivity

A

Tetracyclines

Fluoroquinolones

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8
Q

Standard duration of strep throat treatment

A

8-10 days

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9
Q

Natural pcns

A 
Pen G (IV, IM)
Benzathine pcn (IM)
Procaine pcn (IM)
Pen V (oral)
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10
Q

Natural pcns are DOC for

A

N meningitidis
Strep pneumo
Strep A & B

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11
Q

Extended spectrum pcns

A

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

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12
Q

Extended spectrum pcn are DOC for

A

Listeria, h pyloria, and early lymes

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13
Q

The only two antipsuedomonal pcns

A

Piperacillin

Ticarcillin

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14
Q

3 most allergenic abx classes

A

Pcns
Sulfas
Cephalosporins

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15
Q

Preferred pcn for rheumatic fever and syphillis

A

Pcn G benzathine

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16
Q

Doc surgical prophylaxis

A

Cefazolin (kefzol, ancef)

4gm/d

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17
Q

DOC N. gonorrheae

A

Ceftriaxone

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18
Q

Cephalosporins that is active against MRSA and VRSA

A

Ceftaroline

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19
Q

DOC Moraxella

A

2nd or 3rd generation cephalosporins

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20
Q

DOC late lymes

A

3rd generation cephalosporins

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21
Q

DOC Salmonella

A

3rd generation cephalosporins

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22
Q

DOC E. coli, klebsiella, and proteus

A

1st or 2nd generation cephalosporins

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23
Q

Cephalosporins adverse reactions

A

Disulfiram like reaction
Allergic reaction
GI(especially diarrhea)
Dose dependent renal tubular necrosis

24
Q

Aztreonam spectrum

A

Gram negative rods including pseudomonas

Good alternative for pcn allergic people

25
DOC serratia and enterobacter
Carbapenems
26
Carbapenems coverage and side effects
(Imipenem with cilastin, meropenem, ertapenem) Broad spectrum Seizures!
27
Vancomycin spectrum and side effects
Gram positives only Ototoxic, nephrotoxic, and red man syndrome
28
Ampicillin rash
Generally appears 3-14 days after starting the Med but is not an allergic reaction Common with EBV infections
29
DOC MRSA, c diff, and non anthrax is bacillus
Vancomycin
30
Fosfomycin spectrum and use
Gram positive and negative bacteria Indicated for uncomplicated UTI
31
Bacitracin spectrum and use
Gram positive bacteria Topically with neomycin and polymixin No oral absorption and only given IV in extreme situations due to risk of nephrotoxicity
32
DOC Campylobacter, mycoplasma, and chlamydia pneumo
Macrolides
33
Macrolides adverse reactions
Erythro: GI(diahrrea) and drug interactions Clarithro: drug interactions Azithro: some GI and some QT elongation
34
Abx most associated with c diff infection
Clindamycin
35
Good for osteomyelitis
Clindamycin
36
Aminoglycosides spectrum
Only aerobes unless used with cell wall inhibitor
37
Topical aminoglycosides
Neomycin and gentamicin
38
Aminoglycosides toxicity
Ototoxic and nephrotoxic
39
Chloramphenicol spectrum/use and side effects
Broad spectrum abx only uses in extreme circumstances due to risk of bone marrow suppression, gray syndrome, and aplastic anemia
40
Tetracycline spectrum and adverse effects
Broad spectrum Bone&teeth discoloration, liver damage, fanconi’s anemia, and photosensitization
41
Tetracycline special consideration
Chelation with Ca, Fe, and Al (avoid taking with vitamins, milk or food)
42
Fluoroquinolone spectrum
Broad spectrum and pseudomonas
43
Prophylactic agent against anthrax
Fluoroquinolones
44
Fluoroquinolone MOA
Inhibits DNA gyrase
45
Special consideration with quinolones
Chelation with Mg, Ca and Fe. Do not take with antacids or supplements
46
Quinolone adverse reactions
GI issues, photosensitivity, increased WT interval, AMS seizures, connective tissue issues
47
Second DOC for C diff
Metrondidazole (Flagyl)
48
Metronidazole spectrum
Anaerobes
49
Metronidazole side effect
Metallic dysgeusia
50
Nitrofurantoinin use, C/I, and toxicity
UTIs only C/I: if creatinine clearance <50 May cause interstitial plum fibrosis with chronic use in the elderly
51
Prodrug that breaks down into formaldehyde and ammonia in bladder
Methenamine
52
Methenamine C/I
Hepatic insufficiency or renal insufficiency
53
Sulfonamides MOA
Interfere with bacterial folic acid synthesis
54
DOC for first UTI
Bactrim
55
Sufa drug adverse side effects
SJS, photosensitivity, kernicterus in infants, and aplastic anemia in G6PD
56
DOC impetigo caused by staph aureus
Mupirocin

PANCE prep JQ (15 decks)

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