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PANCE prep JQ > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Nephrotoxic abx

A 
Cephalosporins 
Vancomycin 
Aminoglycosides 
Sulfonamides
Ampho B
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2
Q

Hepatotoxic abx

A 
Tetracyclines
Isoniazid
Erythromycin 
Clindamycin 
Methotrexate 
Sulfanilamide 
Ampho B
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3
Q

Ototoxic abx

A

Aminoglycosides
Vanco
Minocycline

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4
Q

Visual toxicity abx

A

Ethambutol

Isoniazid

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5
Q

Hematopoietic toxicity

A

Chloramphenicol
Sulfonamides

(Also many antivirals)

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6
Q

Abx that cause hemolytic anemia

A

Sulfonamides

Nitrofurantoin

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7
Q

Abx that cause photosensitivity

A

Tetracyclines

Fluoroquinolones

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8
Q

Standard duration of strep throat treatment

A

8-10 days

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9
Q

Natural pcns

A 
Pen G (IV, IM)
Benzathine pcn (IM)
Procaine pcn (IM)
Pen V (oral)
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10
Q

Natural pcns are DOC for

A

N meningitidis
Strep pneumo
Strep A & B

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11
Q

Extended spectrum pcns

A

Ampicillin

Amoxicillin

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12
Q

Extended spectrum pcn are DOC for

A

Listeria, h pyloria, and early lymes

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13
Q

The only two antipsuedomonal pcns

A

Piperacillin

Ticarcillin

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14
Q

3 most allergenic abx classes

A

Pcns
Sulfas
Cephalosporins

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15
Q

Preferred pcn for rheumatic fever and syphillis

A

Pcn G benzathine

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16
Q

Doc surgical prophylaxis

A

Cefazolin (kefzol, ancef)

4gm/d

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17
Q

DOC N. gonorrheae

A

Ceftriaxone

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18
Q

Cephalosporins that is active against MRSA and VRSA

A

Ceftaroline

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19
Q

DOC Moraxella

A

2nd or 3rd generation cephalosporins

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20
Q

DOC late lymes

A

3rd generation cephalosporins

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21
Q

DOC Salmonella

A

3rd generation cephalosporins

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22
Q

DOC E. coli, klebsiella, and proteus

A

1st or 2nd generation cephalosporins

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23
Q

Cephalosporins adverse reactions

A

Disulfiram like reaction
Allergic reaction
GI(especially diarrhea)
Dose dependent renal tubular necrosis

24
Q

Aztreonam spectrum

A

Gram negative rods including pseudomonas

Good alternative for pcn allergic people

25
Q

DOC serratia and enterobacter

A

Carbapenems

26
Q

Carbapenems coverage and side effects

A

(Imipenem with cilastin, meropenem, ertapenem)

Broad spectrum

Seizures!

27
Q

Vancomycin spectrum and side effects

A

Gram positives only

Ototoxic, nephrotoxic, and red man syndrome

28
Q

Ampicillin rash

A

Generally appears 3-14 days after starting the Med but is not an allergic reaction

Common with EBV infections

29
Q

DOC MRSA, c diff, and non anthrax is bacillus

A

Vancomycin

30
Q

Fosfomycin spectrum and use

A

Gram positive and negative bacteria

Indicated for uncomplicated UTI

31
Q

Bacitracin spectrum and use

A

Gram positive bacteria

Topically with neomycin and polymixin

No oral absorption and only given IV in extreme situations due to risk of nephrotoxicity

32
Q

DOC Campylobacter, mycoplasma, and chlamydia pneumo

A

Macrolides

33
Q

Macrolides adverse reactions

A

Erythro: GI(diahrrea) and drug interactions
Clarithro: drug interactions
Azithro: some GI and some QT elongation

34
Q

Abx most associated with c diff infection

A

Clindamycin

35
Q

Good for osteomyelitis

A

Clindamycin

36
Q

Aminoglycosides spectrum

A

Only aerobes unless used with cell wall inhibitor

37
Q

Topical aminoglycosides

A

Neomycin and gentamicin

38
Q

Aminoglycosides toxicity

A

Ototoxic and nephrotoxic

39
Q

Chloramphenicol spectrum/use and side effects

A

Broad spectrum abx only uses in extreme circumstances due to risk of bone marrow suppression, gray syndrome, and aplastic anemia

40
Q

Tetracycline spectrum and adverse effects

A

Broad spectrum

Bone&teeth discoloration, liver damage, fanconi’s anemia, and photosensitization

41
Q

Tetracycline special consideration

A

Chelation with Ca, Fe, and Al (avoid taking with vitamins, milk or food)

42
Q

Fluoroquinolone spectrum

A

Broad spectrum and pseudomonas

43
Q

Prophylactic agent against anthrax

A

Fluoroquinolones

44
Q

Fluoroquinolone MOA

A

Inhibits DNA gyrase

45
Q

Special consideration with quinolones

A

Chelation with Mg, Ca and Fe. Do not take with antacids or supplements

46
Q

Quinolone adverse reactions

A

GI issues, photosensitivity, increased WT interval, AMS seizures, connective tissue issues

47
Q

Second DOC for C diff

A

Metrondidazole (Flagyl)

48
Q

Metronidazole spectrum

A

Anaerobes

49
Q

Metronidazole side effect

A

Metallic dysgeusia

50
Q

Nitrofurantoinin use, C/I, and toxicity

A

UTIs only

C/I: if creatinine clearance <50

May cause interstitial plum fibrosis with chronic use in the elderly

51
Q

Prodrug that breaks down into formaldehyde and ammonia in bladder

A

Methenamine

52
Q

Methenamine C/I

A

Hepatic insufficiency or renal insufficiency

53
Q

Sulfonamides MOA

A

Interfere with bacterial folic acid synthesis

54
Q

DOC for first UTI

A

Bactrim

55
Q

Sufa drug adverse side effects

A

SJS, photosensitivity, kernicterus in infants, and aplastic anemia in G6PD

56
Q

DOC impetigo caused by staph aureus

A

Mupirocin

PANCE prep JQ (15 decks)

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