Phylum Arthropoda - Chelicerates, and hexapods - auxillary information Flashcards
Phylum tardigrada:
- small group of __________ symmetrical arthropod-like animals
- They are around __-_____um in size
- they prossess short, _______ legs
- Most are found in ______; some ______ species have been found
- semi-________ forms are found in the thin water films in soils or covering mosses, lichens, and liverworts
bilaterally 50-1000um unjointed freshwater, marine terrestrial
Phylum Onicophora:
Arthropod characteristics:
- ____ circulatory system
- a large _______
- a ______ heart
- respiratory system has _______ and _______
- has a pair of modified appendages, called ________, for feeding
open hemocoel dorsal trachea, spiracles mandibles
Phylum Onicophora
Annelid characteristics:
- ciliated ________
- lack of _______ appendages
nephridia
jointed
An onicophoran is segmented, how is this known?
NS and nephridia are segmented, position of legs indicates segmentation.
Trilobites are _______.
What is the exoskeleton made of?
These live in ______ environments.
Abundant during what periods of the Paleozoic?
extinct
chitin
marine
Cambrian, Ordovician
Chelicerates are distinguished from other arthropods by two major features:
1. Chelicerates do not possess _______
2 . The first pair of appendages are modified ______ to form opposing ____-like legs called _________
antennae
distally, claw, chelicerae
Following the chelicerae are the _________ and posterior to these are ____ pairs of walking legs.
_______ are lacking in chelicerates.
pedipalps
4
mandibles
In chelicerates, the body is divided into two ________.
1 . Anterior ________ or _________
2 . Posterior _______ or _________.
All appendages are assocaited with the _________.
The only exception is what?
tagmata prosoma or cephalothorax abdomen or opisthosoma prosoma Horseshoe crab
Class Arachnida:
- most are ______ of animals and plants, or ________ of agricultural pests.
parasites, predators
In arachnids:
- the prosoma possesses __ pairs of locomotory appendages
- __ pair of chelicera
- a pair of ________
4
1
pedipalps
In order opiolones, the prosoma and opisthosoma are essentially ______.
fused
Order Acarina:
- many are ______ or _________ hosts of disease causing organisms
- ex: ______ disease and what?
What is fused?
vectors, intermediate
lyme, rocky mountain spotted fever
Prosoma and opisthosoma are fused
All ticks follow what lifestyle?
Parasitic
feed on blood or burrow through tissues
The common dust mite is not parasitic but can cause issues how?
cause allergic reactions in humans
What are used to hold prey and are used in courtship in scorpions?
Chelate pedipalps
Where are scorpions common?
Tropical, subtropical and south temperate zones
- all warm
common in SW US
What does the prosoma of scorpions bear?
Chelicerae, pedipalps, 4 pairs of walking legs
Most millipedes are _____-moving _____vores.
slow
herbi
Centipedes:
- the first pair of trunk appendages are _______
- most centipedes are _____ moving ____-vorous _________
poisonous
slow
omnivorous predators
Who are the dominant and most successful group of inverts?
Insects
Insects are the only inverts that can do this?
What is, flight?
The bodies of adult insects are divisible into three tagmata. What are they?
Anterior - head
middle - thorax
posterior - abdomen
Adult hexopods typically have two _______, five _____ (two ______ and three _______), six _____ adn two pairs of _____ in adults.
antennae
eyes - two compound, 3 ocelli
legs
wings
Order Thysanura
- aka _________
- _____-moving insects that possess ___ or ______ styliform appendages on the abdoment and chewing mouthparts
- they are destructive to ______ and _______
silverfish
fast, 2 or 3
clothes, books
Order collembola
- Common name?
- possess an abdominal organ for ______
- chewing mouthparts
- found where?
springtails
jumping
leaf litter
Order ephemeroptera
- common name?
- the first pair of net-veined wings are ______ than the second pair
- mouthparts are _____-lived in adults and are of vestigial chewing type
- metamorphosis is _______
mayflies
longer
short
gradual
Order odonata:
- Common name?
- both the adults and the aquatic nymphs are ______
- the _____ are held laterally or vertically outstretched
dragonflies, damselflies
predators
wings
Order orthoptera
- Contains what?
- the winged forms of this larger order have the membranous wings beneath the leathery _______
- the ______ of hind legs is _______ in many species
crickets, grasshoppers
forewings
femur, enlarged
Mantids are ____-vores.
carnivores
Cockroaches are _____-vores.
- most have ________ bacteria to aid in digestion of ________
omnivores
symbiotic, cellulose
Order Hemiptera
- common name?
- the basal part of the forewings is ________, while the distal part is _________
- _______/________ mouthparts form a beak arising at the front of the head
true bugs
thickened, membranous
piercing/sucking
Order Coleoptera
- common name?
- Anterior wings are thick and hard - called _______
- membranous hindwings, when not in use are ______ under the elytra
- ______ insect order
beetle
elytra
folded
largest
Order lepidoptera
- common name?
- body and wings in the adult are covered with tiny ______
- a coiled ______ is used for sucking nectar from flowers
- the larva is commonly called what?
moths, butteflies
scales
proboscis
caterpillar
A butterfly has a _______ which joins the hindwing to the forewing.
frenulum
Order Diptera:
- common name?
- hindwings are reduced to knob-like _______
- mouthparts are ______/_______ and lapping types
- the larve is commonly called a ______
flies and mosquitoes
halteres
piercing/sucking
maggot
Order Hymenoptera:
- common name?
- winged and wingless species occur
- the wings are transparent with few veins
- can be _______ or ________ (living arrangement))
- mouthparts are modified for chewing, lapping or sucking
ants, bees, wasps
social, solitary
Hymenopterans have _______ which are hooks connecting the hind and forewings
hammuli
Order Siphonaptera:
- common name?
- Bodies are compressed _______
- no ______
- legs are modified for _______
- adults possess what kind of mouthparts?
fleas laterally wings jumping piercing/sucking
Order Isoptera:
- common name?
- the abdomen is broadly joined to the thorax
- these are ______, _______ insects that have winged and non-winged individuals
termites
colonial, social
