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Year 4 Dermatology > Photodermatology > Flashcards

Photodermatology Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

benefits of UV light

A 
photosynthesis 
vit D synthesis 
heat 
vision 
circadian rhythms 
bactericidal 
therapeutic and diagnostic use
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2
Q

hazards of sunlight exposure

A 
sunburn 
- eyes
skin cancer 
photoageing 
photosensitivity
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3
Q

types of UV light

A

UV A, B, C

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4
Q

Ozone absorbs which UV ?

A

C and part of B

therefore we are exposed to UVA and some UVB

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5
Q

UVC has the shortest wavelength, true or false

A

true

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6
Q

which UV is more likely to produce sunburn

A

UVB

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7
Q

sources of UV light

A

sun

artificial - therapeutic, sunbeds

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8
Q

what light do sunbeds emit

A

fluorescent UVA and <1% UVB

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9
Q

what types of light can be used in phototherapy

A

UVB - narrow band

UVA

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10
Q

what is PUVA

A

photochemotherapy
Psoralen + UVA = PUVA
sensitise skin with psoralen and then irradiate skin with UVA
risk of skin cancer therefore UVB is trialled first and PUVA is last line

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11
Q

how many types of Fitzpatrick skin type are there

A

1-6

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12
Q

describe the Fitzpatrick skin types

A 
1 - pale, always burns 
2 - burns but can tan 
3 - tans but can burn 
4 - tans 
5 - brown skin 
6 - black skin
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13
Q

what actually happens in sunburn

A

keratinocyte apoptosis

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14
Q

what causes sunburn and when is the onset and peak of symptoms

A

UVB
onset 2-4h
peak 12-24h

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15
Q

onset and peak of PUVA erythema

A

onset 24h

peak 96h

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16
Q

what causes UVB erythema

A

prostaglandins

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17
Q

what causes UVA erythema

A

oxygen

18
Q

what are other consequences of sunburn

A

immunosuppression

  • langerhans cell migration
  • suppression of delayed hypersensitivity
19
Q

cumulative sun damage causes SCC/BCC?

A

SCC

20
Q

acute sunburns causes NMSC/MSC

A

melanoma skin cancer

21
Q

what is the mechanism of photoageing

A

solar elastosis

22
Q

what is the commonest caucasian skin cancer

A

BCC / rodent ulcer

23
Q

causes of photodermatoses

A 
idiopathic 
genetic 
chemical photosensitivity
- exogenous 
- endogenous
24
Q

features of polymorphic light eruption PLE

A 
very common 
young women
type 4 hypersensitivity 
few hours of sun exposure results in erythematous papules and vesicles on areas that are generally not exposed to the sun 
resolve over few days without scarring 
Mx - UVB desensitisation 'hardening'
25
Q

what test can provoke PLE if unsure of the diagnosis

A

UVA

26
Q

what is actinic prurigo

A 
rare
childhood onset 
F>M 
FH 
affects eyes, lips, end of nose
resolution by adulthood
27
Q

what is solar urticaria

A

rare
persistent, immediate and severe onset
abnormally sensitive to UVA and visible wavelengths
type 1 hypersensitivity

28
Q

what is chronic actinic dermatitis

A 
common 
Males over 50 
photoexposed site eczema 
broadband photosensitivity 
background atopic eczema and CAD e.g. plants
Type 4 hypersensitivity
29
Q

example of genetic photodermatoses

A

xeroderma pigmentosum

30
Q

what is xeroderma pigmentosum

A 
AR inheritance 
failure of DNA excision repair mechanisms 
rapid photoageing of skin 
development of skin cancers in childhood
death in teens
31
Q

causes of drug induced photosensitivity

A 
psoralens - lime, celery, parsley
antibiotics - sulphonamides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones
diuretics - 
thiazides, furosemide
NSAIDs
quinine 
amiodarone
32
Q

what UV light mediates drug induced photosensitivity

A

UVA

33
Q

example of endogenous chemical photosensitivity

A

porphyrias

34
Q

example of an inherited porphyria

A

erythropoeitic protoporphyria EPP

35
Q

examples of acquired porphyria

A

porphyria cutanea tarda PCT

36
Q

causes of PCT

A

haemochromatosis
viral hepatitis
increased oestrogen
alcohol

37
Q

what are photoaggravated dermatoses

give examples

A

skin disease which is aggravated but not caused by sunlight

eczema, psoriasis, SLE, rosacea, pemphigoid, pemphigus, EM

38
Q

mainstay investigations for photodermatoses

A 
monochromator phototesting 
provocation test 
MED test 
photopatch tests 
porphyrins, lupus studies 
HLA 
histology
39
Q

management options

A

phototherapy
PUVA
laser
PDT

40
Q

what is photodermatology

A

study of the interaction between non-ionising radiation and the skin

41
Q

types of sunscreen

A

reflectant - very thick

chemical - absorb

Year 4 Dermatology (16 decks)

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