Infection Flashcards
What is pityriasis rosea
post viral skin condition
solitary lesion known as a herald patch appears first and then there is truncal eruption of small pink oval lesions
each lesion has peripheral scale
Xmas tree distribution
management of pityriasis rosea
self limiting
topical steroids
phototherapy rarely if severe
What is pityriasis versicolor
yeast infection of the skin which can result in hyper/hypopigmented patched
what microbes affect the skin
bacterial - staph A, strep pyogenes, pseudomonas
viral - HSV, VZV, Orf
fungal - dermatophyte: trichophytum rubrum
yeast - malassezia, candida
what is folliculitis
inflammation of the hair follicles
what is furunculosis
acute deep infection of the hair follicles
what do you call infection of a single hair follicle
boil
what is a carbuncle
contiguous hair follicles that have become infected - multiple heads
cause of impetigo
Staph Aureus
what can cause folliculitis
Staph aureus
Malassezia yeast
features of impetigo
yellow coloured / honey crust
raw bright red appearance underneath
usually on the face and affects young children
cause of Bullous impetigo
Staph A exotoxin resulting in desquamation
what is SSSS
widespread Staph A infection resulting in lots of desquamation
children > adults
causes of cellulitis
staph aureus
strep pyogenes
what do you call infection of the dermis
cellulitis
features of cellulitis
unilateral hot tender advancing rash on lower limbs
signs of infection
absence of scale…
what is erysipelas
more superficial infection of the skin
peau d’orange and swollen appearance
what do you call infection of the subcutis and what is the management
nectrostising fasciitis
debridement and IV antibiotics
investigations for bacterial infection
swabs and sensitivities
Management of bacterial infection
topical fusidic acid / mupirocin
oral antibiotics
prevention of spread
IV antibiotics
Cause of viral warts
HPV 1-4
RF for viral infections
immunocompromised - HIV, steroids, biologics, genetics
cryotherapy is a good treatment option for peri ungal warts, true or flase
false, it can cause permanent damage to nail growth
salicylic acid is used instead
You must treat all viral warts, true or false
false, they are self limiting
but they are usually treated anyway
describe molluscum contagiosum
small umbilicated firm papules
cause of molluscum contagiosum
pox virus
what is herpes labialis also known as
cold sores
management of herpes labialis
self limiting or prophylactic aciclovir
HSV of skin appearance
clustered vesicles
cause of shingles
VZV
clusters of vesicles differential diagnoses
HSV and VZV
viral swab to differentiate
features of eczema herpeticum
monomorphic punched out lesions widespread painful erythematous erosions excoriations
pattern of shingles
vesicles in a dermatomal pattern
may burst to form erosions
what is tinea pedis also known as
athletes foot
conditions that favour fungal infection
macerated / wet
what is tinea cruris
fungal infection of the groin
what is tinea manuum
fungal infection of the hand
how can the configuration of fungal infections be described
annular - ring shaped
causes of fungal infection
dermatophyte
management of fungal infection
topical antifungals
oral terbinafine
what happens when a fungal infection is maltreated with steroids
tinea incognita
loses annular appearance
diffuse red rash
harder to diagnose as fungal
what is tinea unguum and how do you manage it
nail fungal infection
PO therapy - be aware of side effects e.g.
hepatotoxic
interactions
what is tinea corporis
fungal infection of the body
what is tinea capitus
fungal infection on the head/scalp
what is a kerion and in whom is it seen
severe inflammatory reaction to tinea capitus in the scalp - can lead to scarring hair loss
boggy indurated lesion with pus
children
needs oral therapy
fungal infection investigations
scrapings
clippings of hair and nails
Woods lamp
Biopsy with PAS stain (not usually done)
management of fungal infection
anti yeast cream
ketoconaole
shampoo
what infections can candida cause
angular cheilitis
intertrigo - raindrop appearance
white discolouration
what is paronychia and what are the divisions
infection/inflammation around the nail bed
acute and chronic
causes of paronychia
bacterial
fungal
features and cause of acute paronychia
rapid onset
collection of cysts
usually bacterial - staph or pseudomonas
cause of chronic paronychia
yeast
clippings
management of fungal infections
topical antifungals
PO for scalp or nails
be aware of hepatotoxicity with oral therapy
in which condition is a Tzanck smear done
SSSS
risk factors for cellulitis
immunocompromised DM CKD Ulcers Obesity alcohol bites athletes foot
which strains of HPV cause the following:
hand and feet warts
genital warts
cervical cancer
hand and feet warts - HPV 1-4
genital warts - HPV 6, 11
cervical cancer - HPV 16+18
in which direction do fungal infections grow
outwards and heals in the centre
so always take scrapings from the edge
features of scabies infection
persistent itching - worse at night
close contacts also itching
tracts in webspaces
black dots
management of scabies infection
topical permethrin for patients and family
what complication must you check for in herpes zoster ophthalmicus
Hutchinsons sign - rash at the tip of the nose is suggestive of involvement of the cornea
appearance of erythema multiforme and causes
targetoid lesions
HSV, mycoplasma pneumoniae
what is treponema pallidum also known as
syphilis
in which condition is erythema chronicum migrans seen in
lyme disease
