Acne and Rosacea Flashcards
What is acne
chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit
what are the different pathogenic mechanisms in acne
increased sebum production
poral occlusion from increased androgens
infection with P. acnes
symptoms and signs of acne
comedones papules nodules cysts pustules erythema
Management of acne
topical: benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, retinoids
PO: tetracycline antibiotics, COCP, isotretinoin
why can isotretinoin only be prescribed by dermatologists
it is highly teratogenic
Can cause liver problems, and low mood
features of rosacea
erythema papules Rhinophyma telangiectasia pustules facial flushing ocular inflammation - blepharitis
there is presence of comedones in rosacea, true or false
FALSE
RFs for rosacea
Female 30-40s alcohol stress sunlight spicy food
Management of rosacea
Topical metronidazole
avoid triggers
PO tetracyclines long term
isotretinoin if severe
whiteheads are closed/open comedones
closed
blackheads are closed/open comedones
open
complications of acne
scarring - atrophic (ice pick) and hypertrophic (keloid)
post inflammatory hyperpigmentation
psychological stress
what caues acne excoriee
stress
no comedones are present
management of mild acne
topical treatment
management of moderate acne
topical treatment and PO antibiotics or dianette
management of severe acne
isotretinoin
features of benzoyl peroxide
anti inflammatory
anti microbial
keratolytic
(can cause irritation and erythema)
side effects of tetracyclines
teeth staining
photosenstivity
raised intracranial pressure
LFT derangement
side effects of erythromycin
Nausea
Liver upset
Mechanism of isotretinoin
reduces sebaceous gland activity
side effects of isotretinoin
very drying: lips, eyes, skin Nosebleeds increased skin fragility - avoid waxing teratogenicity hyperlipidaemia abnormal LFTs low mood arthralgia raised intracranial hypertension (especially with tetracycline) Photosensitivity
how does rosacea differ from acne
no comedones
normal sebum production
