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Year 4 Dermatology > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Abscess

A

inflammatory nodule containing pus

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2
Q

Acanthosis

A

Hyperplasia of the PCL causing an increase in epidermal thickness

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3
Q

Adnexae

A

structures making up hair, nails and glands

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4
Q

Alopecia

A

loss of hair

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5
Q

Allergen

A

Antigens that induce allergic reactions

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6
Q

Anagen

A

Growth phase of hair

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7
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Severe type 1 hypersensitivity

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8
Q

Annular

A

ring shaped

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9
Q

Antibody

A

protein generated in response to an antigen

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10
Q

Apocrine

A

type of sweat gland

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11
Q

Atopy

A

hypersensitivity with genetic predisposition

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12
Q

Atrophy

A

wasting / shrinking of cells, tissues or organ

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13
Q

Auspitz sign

A

pinpoint bleeding seen when scale of psoriasis is removed

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14
Q

Blackhead

A

open comedone

dark sebum and keratin plug at pilosebaceous unit

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15
Q

Bulla

A

> 5mm

fluid filled blister

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16
Q

Burrow

A

excavation in KL housing a parasite

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17
Q

Cafe au lait spots

A

pigmented patches seen in neurological conditions e.g. neurofibromatosis (overgrowth of nerve endings)

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18
Q

Callus

A

hypertrophy of KL in localised areas usually hands and feet

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19
Q

Carbuncle

A

cluster of furuncles causing skin necrosis

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20
Q

Carcinoma

A

malignant growth of epithelial cells

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21
Q

Carcinoma in situ

A

malignant potential but not crossed the basement membrane

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22
Q

Catagen

A

involuting phase of hair growth

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23
Q

Cellulitis

A

inflammation of the dermis

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24
Q

Cold sore

A

herpes simplex infection usually of lips

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25
Q

Comedone

A 
"blackhead" = open 
"whitehead"  = closed
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26
Q

Compound naevus

A

Collection of benign melanocytes at DEJ and dermis

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27
Q

Corn

A

cortical thickening of KL pointing into dermis

painful

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28
Q

Crust

A

dried exudate on skin

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29
Q

Cryotherapy

A

freezing treatment - liquid nitrogen

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30
Q

Cyst

A

nodule containing semisolid material

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31
Q

Depigmentation

A

removal of pigment

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32
Q

Dermatitis

A

aka eczema

inflammatory process involving epidermis

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33
Q

Dermatome

A

area of skin supplied by a single spinal root

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34
Q

Desmosome

A

structure connecting keratinocytes

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35
Q

Drug eruption

A

skin reaction caused by medication

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36
Q

Ecchymosis

A

“bruising”

red/purple patch of haemorrhage in skin or mucous membrane

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37
Q

Eccrine

A

type of sweat gland

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38
Q

Elastosis

A

degeneration of elastic tissue in dermis

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39
Q

Erosion

A

break in epidermis

does not reach dermis

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40
Q

Erythroderma

A

redness over majority of body

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41
Q

Excoriation

A

superficial abrasion due to scratching

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42
Q

Fissure

A

linear split in skin

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43
Q

Follicle

A

depressed cavity

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44
Q

Freckle

A

pigmented macule by melanin production

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45
Q

Furuncle

A

pus filled nodule by bacterial infection of hair follicle

46
Q

Genodermatosis

A

genetically determined skin disease

47
Q

Guttate

A

drop shaped

48
Q

Hamartoma

A

tumour like but non-neoplastic overgrowth of tissue with disordered structure

49
Q

Hirsutism

A

excessive male pattern hair growth

50
Q

Hyperhidrosis

A

excessive sweating

51
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

increased thickening of KL

52
Q

Hyperpigmentation

A

abnormally increased pigmentation

53
Q

Hyperplasia

A

increase in cell number

54
Q

Hypersensitivity

A

exaggerated immune response to a foreign agent

55
Q

Hypertrichosis

A

excessive hair growth in a non-androgenic pattern

56
Q

Hypertrophic scar

A

enlarged and thickened scar

57
Q

Hypertrophy

A

increase in cell size

58
Q

Ichthyosis

A

dry, roughened and scaly skin

59
Q

Keloid

A

elevated scar enlarging beyond wound margins composed of excessive collagen

60
Q

Keratolysis

A

dissolution of KL

61
Q

Keratosis

A

horn like thickening of skin

62
Q

Lanugo

A

fine hair on babies

63
Q

Lentigo

A

pigmented macule

64
Q

Leukonychia

A

white discolouration of nails

65
Q

Lichenification

A

chronic thickening of skin with increased skin markings

66
Q

Macerate

A

soften by wetting or soaking

67
Q

Macule

A

flat lesion / non palpable

<1cm

68
Q

Milia

A

small white cyst containing keratin

69
Q

Munro’s abscess

A

microabscesses in parakeratotic layer in psoriasis

70
Q

Naevus

A

stable malformation of the skin

71
Q

Necrosis

A

pathological cell death

72
Q

Neurofibroma

A

tumour of Schwann cells

73
Q

Nodule

A

Solid elevation of the skin

>5mm

74
Q

Onycholysis

A

separation of nail from nail bed

75
Q

Panniculitis

A

inflammation of subcutaneous fat layer

76
Q

Papilloma

A

nipple like projection from skin surface

77
Q

Papule

A

solid elevation of the skin

<5mm

78
Q

Parakeratosis

A

nuclei retained in keratinocytes in KL

79
Q

Paronychia

A

inflammation of tissue around nails

80
Q

Petechia

A

Minute haemorrhagic spot

81
Q

Pilar

A

relating to hair

82
Q

Pitted nails

A

small depression of nail plate

83
Q

Plaque

A

slightly raised flat lesion

>2cm

84
Q

Poikiloderma

A

combination of telangiectasia, pigmentation and atrophy in the skin

85
Q

Pore

A

opening of a sweat duct

86
Q

Porphyria

A

group of diseases caused by abnormalities of porphyrin metabolism

87
Q

Pruritis

88
Q

Psoriasiform

A

like psoriasis

89
Q

Purpura

A

haemorrhage into tissues causing red/purple discolouration

non-blanching

90
Q

Pustule

A

raised lesion containing pus

91
Q

RAST

A

Radioallergosorbent test to detect specific IgE antibodies

92
Q

Scab

A

crust on superficial wounds

93
Q

Sclerosis

A

induration or hardening

94
Q

Seborrhoea

A

excessive secretion of sebum

95
Q

Sebum

A

greasy product of sebaceous glands

96
Q

Sinus

A

cavity or channel

97
Q

Spongiosis

A

intercellular oedema of epidermis

98
Q

Squamous cell

A

flat cells

99
Q

Striae

A

atrophic line in skin due to changes in connective tissue

aka stretch marks

100
Q

Telangiectasia

A

visible dilatation of dermal blood vessels

101
Q

Telogen

A

resting stage of hair growth

102
Q

Ulcer

A

break into dermis

103
Q

Ungual

A

relating to nails

104
Q

Urticaria

A

wheals and itching

105
Q

Vasculitis

A

necrotising inflammation of blood vessels

106
Q

Vesicle

A

small blister containing clear fluid

<5mm

107
Q

Weeping

A

exudation of clear serum from inflamed skin

108
Q

Wheal

A

transitory papule or plaque of dermal oedema

109
Q

Whitehead

A

closed comedone

110
Q

Wickham’s striae

A

pale reticular network on surface of lesions of lichen planus

111
Q

Wood’s lamp

A

emits long wavelength UV light producing immunofluorescence in certain conditions e.g. fungal infection

Year 4 Dermatology (16 decks)

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