Philip And The New World Flashcards
What were behind Philip’s expeditions in the new world?
Religious motivations
How many priests were in the New World by 1570?
1,000
How many whites and Indians were in the new world by 1570?
10,000 whites
10 million Indians
What did the Spanish want to do to the natives?
Christianise them
Where did Spanish conquistadores advance in South America?
Advanced south from Paraguay
When did Spanish conquistadores establish Buenos Aires?
1580
When were the Philippines taken over?
1565
Why was the New World important?
- silver
- customs duties
- crown monopolies e.g. sale of playing cards
Where was the alcabala introduced?
Mexico and Peru
When did England become active in the area with Francis Drake?
Mid 1550s
What system was introduced to protect twice-yearly treasure fleets across the Atlantic?
Convoy system
Did the convoy system work well?
Yes but it was expensive
How did Portugal help in the Atlantic?
It gave them the additional base of the Azores
Who was the viceroy in Mexico?
Enriquez
Who was viceroy in Peru?
Toledo
What did the viceroys do?
Laid excellent foundations for colonial government
How many ships were in the Atlantic by 1587
Over 100 Spanish ships
What did Philip want to see in the New World?
Effective administration and justice
What was the difficulty with the population?
Ruling over a large population which was unfamiliar with European ways
What was the council of indies responsible for?
Changes aimed at improving the effectiveness of the government
When was Toledo appointed viceroy of Peru?
1569
What did Toledo bring to Peru?
Peace and prosperity
What was the result of Toledo’s policies in Peru?
The output of the silver mines of Potosi and the mercury mines of Hauncavelica improved considerably
What were the 1573 ordinances?
Condemned extreme violence against Indians but had little effective on their wellbeing
