Henry VIII Flashcards
1
Q
When was the printing press developed?
A
1450
2
Q
When did the printing press come to England?
A
1475
3
Q
How many pages could a single press produce?
A
3,600 a day
4
Q
When did the RP meet?
A
1529-36
5
Q
When did the Act for Restraint of Appeals have immediate effect?
A
5th April 1533
6
Q
Acts of succession dates
A
1534
1536
1544
7
Q
When was the oath of succession required?
A
1534 following the Act of Succession
8
Q
When were Anne and Henry secretly married?
A
January 1533
9
Q
When did More refuse Henry’s invite to Anne’s coronation?
A
June 1533
10
Q
When was Thomas More executed?
A
July 1535
11
Q
When was Bishop Fisher beheaded?
A
1534
12
Q
When was Elizabeth Barton executed?
A
1534
13
Q
When were Carthusian Monks killed?
A
1534
14
Q
When was Anne Boleyn beheaded?
A
1536
15
Q
Death of Jane Seymour
A
1537
16
Q
What led to Act of Six Articles passed?
A
Threat of foreign invasion
17
Q
What was a political loss for Cranmer and Cromwell in 1539?
A
Act of Six Articles
18
Q
Marriage to Anne of Cleves
A
January 1540
19
Q
When was Cromwell executed?
A
1540 after an Act of Attainder was passed against him for not punishing heretics in Calais
20
Q
Marriage to Catherine Howard
A
1540
21
Q
Execution of Catherine Howard and Lady Rochford
A
1542
22
Q
When did the largest monastery fall?
A
1540
23
Q
Political motives of dissolutions
A
- need to break with Rome
- patronage
24
Q
Financial reasons for dissolutions
A
Wealth of monasteries
25
Religious reasons for dissolutions
Public excuse/reason
26
Act for the dissolution of the lesser monasteries
March 1536
27
When did commissioners offer incentives of pensions to those who voluntarily gave up their land to the king?
1538
28
When did it become an act of parliament for the voluntary hand over of goods to the king?
1539
29
The Lincolnshire Rising
October 1536
30
The Pilgrimage of Grace
October 1536
31
Example of rebel on the Council of the North
Robert Bowes
32
Statutes of uses
1536
33
Statute of Wills
1540
34
Edward’s birth
1537
35
How many priests did the CofE gain from the dissolutions?
8,000 - former monks
36
When were 6 new bishoprics introduced
1542
37
Court of first fruit and tenths
1540
38
Court of wards and liveries
1542
39
Court of general surveyors
1542
40
Cromwell’s injunction for English Bible in every parish
1536
41
1535 Coverdale Bible
Translation from Luther and Tyndale
Strongly Protestant
The people’s access to it allowed them to misconstrue it
Henry realised the only way to control religion was to restrict those who read it
42
1538 Matthew Bible
Frontispiece which showed Henry as Supreme Head - highlighted importance
Henry wanted to be seen as Old Testament King (more cautious in 40s)
43
Liturgy and the Eucharist
```
CONTiNUiTY
After 1539 the Mass focussed on the Eucharist but was still in Latin
Transubstantiation remained
7 sacraments still essential
Litany remained in Latin
```
44
Trial of John Lambert
- accused of heresy in 1536 by Norfolk
- captured in 1538
- put on trial for denying the true presence of Christ
- showed Henry believed in transubstantiation
- Lambert burnt for heresy in 1538
- on that day Henry issued a royal proclamation which upheld the belief of transubstantiation
45
When was the Act of Ten Articles
1536
46
The Act of Ten Articles (1536)
- first attempt to provide a set of beliefs for the new church
- wasn’t too far away from what clergy knew, not an attack on Catholicism
- Didn’t name all sacraments - emphasised baptism, penance, Eucharist
- no mention of transubstantiation
- justification by faith highlighted, good works not as important
- no saints or images to be used
- purgatory highlighted Protestant thinking
47
When was the Bishop’s Book?
1537
48
The Bishop’s Book (1537)
- Cromwell called bishops to resolve doctrinal and liturgical issues and to determine canon law
- book was Lutheran in view
- salvation by faith emphasised
- no mention of transubstantiation
49
Henry’s thought on Bishop’s Book
Disapproved and revoked it 3yrs later (1540). Said he wanted to control the direction of the newly created CofE.
50
When was the Act of Six Articles
1539
51
Act of Six Articles (1539)
- upheld transubstantiation
- defended communion
- seven sacraments
- forbade clergy to marry
Made an international statement
52
Why did Henry issue the Act of Six Articles?
Henry had been excommunicated so he issued a proclamation calling a halt to theological experimentation. Parliament’s way of making a clear statement of belief
53
When was the King’s Book
1543
54
King’s Book (1543)
- shift back to tradition
- preface by the king
- emphasised:
- 7 sacraments
- the Creed
- 10 commandments
- lord’s prayer
55
Act for the Advancement of True Religion
May 1543
56
Act for the advancement of true religion impact
Abolished all ‘erroneous books’ and restricted the reading of the English bible to nobles
57
English litany
1544
58
King’s Prymer
1545
59
Chantries
1545 Act of Parliament
60
Chantries dissolved 1540-43
18
61
Chantries dissolved in 44
10
62
Chantries dissolved in 45
27
63
What was money used from chantries
War against Scotland and France
64
Death of Anne Askew
1546
65
Prebendaries’’s Plot
1543 Cranmer didnt do anything but appointed to lead the investigation against himself
66
When did James fail to meet Henry in York?
1541
67
When did Henry’s army launch an attack on Scotland?
October 1542 - burnt property and took who they could to demonstrate English superiority
68
When did the Scots have 20,000 men to fight at Solway Moss?
November 1542
69
Why did James shortly die after Solway Moss defeat?
Said to be from shame
70
Consequence of James’ death
Heir was two week old baby girl and her regent was Guise mother. Superficially pro-English, possibility of marriage
71
When was the Treaty of Greenwich
July 1543 - Scots declined marriage offer
72
Auld alliance 1544
Pro-french regent in power, no marriage alliance
73
When did Henry launch a French invasion
1544
74
When did Henry sign a treaty with Charles
1543 to attack Paris.
| Charles pulled out, never intended to go through with it
75
Henry’s abandonment of Charles led to...
... Charles making peace with France
76
Charles and Francis attack
Isle of Wight
| Mary Rose sunk with 500 men
77
Treaty of Camp
1546 gave him Boulogne for 8yrs and restart of French pension. War was a costly mistake - £1.3 million spent from dissolutions
78
When did the Earl of Surrey launch an attack on a French fortress?
7th January 1546 - army deserted him and had to save himself as best he could
79
Who found out about Surrey’s actions?
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