Pharmacology - pharmacokinetics + Rights of medication administration

Question 1

Absorption

Answer 1

through the process of absorption, the body converts the medication into a form the body can use and moves it into the bloodstream

Question 2

Distribution

Answer 2

distribution is the transportation of the medication throughout the body via the bloodstream.

Question 3

Metabolism

Answer 3

metabolism changes active forms of the medication into harmless metabolites ready for excretion through urine or feces. The liver is the primary organ of metabolism, but the kidneys also metabolize some medication

Question 4

Excretion

Answer 4

excretion is the removal of a medication’s metabolites from the body. The kidneys accomplish most of this through urine, but feces, saliva, bile, sweat glands, breast milk, and even exhaled air also eliminate some medications. A medication half-life is how long it takes for the process of metabolism and excretion to eliminate half a dose of a medication.

Question 5

Metabolite

Answer 5

A substance made or used when the body breaks down food, drugs or chemicals, or its own tissue.
Drug metabolism is the chemical alteration of a drug by the body.

Question 6

Therapeutic range

Answer 6

The amount of a medication the body must have available to produce the desirable effects for which the provider prescribed it.

If a patient does not received the next dose before the half-life time, the therapeutic level of the medication will be too low

Question 7

What’s the Rights of medication administration?

Answer 7

The right of medication administration are a collection of safety checks that everyone who administers medications to patients must perform to avoid medication errors. It began as “the five rights”

Question 8

What are the rights of medication administration?

Answer 8

1. The right patient
   
   1. MA should use two patient identifiers to verify that they are about to administer medication to the right patient. Then verify that data with the information on the medical record or medication administration record. Verification methods include asking the patient to state their full name & birthdate
2. The right medication
   
   1. Check the label three times to verify the medication, strength, and dose (three before).
3. The right dose
   
   1. Compare the dosage on the prescription in the patient’s medical record with the dosage on the medication’s label. If the dosage does not match, MA must perform the mathematical calculations for administering the right dosage or find a medication container with a dosage form that matches the prescription.
4. The right route
   
   1. MA must compare the route on the prescription in the medical record with the administration route they are planning to use.
5. The right time
   
   1. Verifying when is best to administer the medications
6. The right assessment
   
   1. Before administering any medication, ask the patient about any allergies that might make it unsafe to take the medication
7. The right to refuse
   
   1. patients have the right to refuse any prescribed medication or treatment
8. The right technique
   
   1. MA must know the correct techniques for administering every medication they give by every route
9. The right documentation
   
   1. Always document administering a medication after the patient receives it, not before
10. The right reason
    
    1. inform patients about why the provider has prescribed the medication for them
11. The right to know
    
    1. Inform patients about the medication they are receiving, as well as any precautions or adverse effects to watch for and to report to the provider

Question 9

Formula Method

Answer 9

a method of dosage calculation that uses the equation Desired/Have x Quantity = X

Question 10

Proportion method

Answer 10

a method of dosage calculation that involves converting between measurement systems.