PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards
Salbutamol (SABA)
MOA
• Inhibits IP3R to reduce Ca2+ release AND stimulates dephosphorylation of MLC
relaxes airways
Salbutamol (SABA) side effects
tachycardia (B1)
muscle tremor (B2)
tolerance
loss of efficacy with infection
functional antagonism
ie the more contraction there is the harder it is to overcome.
SALMETEROL (LABA)
has slow onset
EFORMOTEROL (LABA)
has rapid onset
LABA: salmerterol n eformoterol
use with
Glucocorticoids (to reduce number of deaths)
GLUCOCORTICOIDs drugs:
FLUTICASONE
FLUTICASONE used with Salmeterol
GLUCOCORTICOIDs drugs: BUDESONIDE
BUDESONIDE used with Eformoterol
GLUCOCORTICOID MOA
- Transactivation of genes- get increased expression of anti-inflammatory proteins
- Transrepression of genes- get decreased expression of pro-inflammatory proteins
GLUCOCORTICOID job
preventer
to decrease inflammation (inhaled)
reduce crhonic symptom
prevent asthma attack (oral)
SABA job
reliever
relax airway
(dilator)
for acute symptoms
LABA job
controller
for prophylaxis
GLUCOCORTICOID (inhaled) AE
dysphonia
thrush
GLUCOCORTICOID (oral) AE
o Suppress endogenous glucocorticoid synthesis
o Cataracts, glaucoma
o Cushing’s syndrome
o Chronic use could lead to withdrawal effects
GLUCOCORTICOID limitation
• Doesn’t change/fix airway remodeling
• THEOPHYLLINE
other drug for asthma
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
• ZARFIRLUKAST/• MONTELUKAST
other drug for asthma
Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists
• OMALIZUMAB
other drug for asthma
monoclonal antibody, selects for IgE
AGENTS CONTRAINDICATED IN ASTHMA
- non-selective COX inhibitors eg ibuprofen, aspirin
* Beta blocker!
asthma therapy
if saba no good, add glucocor, if still no good, add laba
then add a whole lot of stuff
then add oral prednisolone
drug for COPD
MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST
IPATROPIUM BROMIDE
airway relaxation (bronchodilator)
SABA target wich receptor
Beta 2 adrenoreceptor agonist
what was used most (pharmacological herbal therapy
multivitamin fish oil vit c ...... ... ... ... Ginkgo biloba St Johns wort valerian
fish oil
better than statin
wen to take fish oil
taking fish oil 2-3 times a wk reduce risk of mortality in those with history of myocardial infarction
taking 1gm/day daily reduce risk of myocardial infarction
st johns wort
inhibit synaptic reuptake for serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine
st johns wort
inhibit synaptic reuptake for serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine
hyperforin induces CYP3A4
but lots of interaction with other drugs
st johns wort interaction with which durgs
digoxin warfarin oral contraceptive pill cyclosporin HIV drugs
serotonin
antidepressant activy
serotonin
antidepressant activy
reduce PMS symptoms n mood
curcumin /tumeric
antiinflammatory
antioxidant
protects agains neurodegeneration, promotes neurogenesis n neuronal plasticity
chasteberry
helps with pms
side effect of CM
Mild GIT upset is the most common side effect of CM.
