PHARMACOLOGY

Question 1

Salbutamol (SABA)

MOA

Answer 1

• Inhibits IP3R to reduce Ca2+ release AND stimulates dephosphorylation of MLC

relaxes airways

Question 2

Salbutamol (SABA) side effects

Answer 2

tachycardia (B1)
muscle tremor (B2)
tolerance
loss of efficacy with infection

Question 3

functional antagonism

Answer 3

ie the more contraction there is the harder it is to overcome.

Question 4

SALMETEROL (LABA)

Answer 4

has slow onset

Question 5

EFORMOTEROL (LABA)

Answer 5

has rapid onset

Question 6

LABA: salmerterol n eformoterol

use with

Answer 6

Glucocorticoids (to reduce number of deaths)

Question 7

GLUCOCORTICOIDs drugs:

FLUTICASONE

Answer 7

FLUTICASONE used with Salmeterol

Question 8

GLUCOCORTICOIDs drugs: BUDESONIDE

Answer 8

BUDESONIDE used with Eformoterol

Question 9

GLUCOCORTICOID MOA

Answer 9

• Transactivation of genes- get increased expression of anti-inflammatory proteins
• Transrepression of genes- get decreased expression of pro-inflammatory proteins

Question 10

GLUCOCORTICOID job

preventer

Answer 10

to decrease inflammation (inhaled)
reduce crhonic symptom

prevent asthma attack (oral)

Question 11

SABA job

reliever

Answer 11

relax airway
(dilator)

for acute symptoms

Question 12

LABA job

controller

Answer 12

for prophylaxis

Question 13

GLUCOCORTICOID (inhaled) AE

Answer 13

dysphonia

thrush

Question 14

GLUCOCORTICOID (oral) AE

Answer 14

o Suppress endogenous glucocorticoid synthesis
o Cataracts, glaucoma
o Cushing’s syndrome
o Chronic use could lead to withdrawal effects

Question 15

GLUCOCORTICOID limitation

Answer 15

• Doesn’t change/fix airway remodeling

Question 16

• THEOPHYLLINE

other drug for asthma

Answer 16

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Question 17

• ZARFIRLUKAST/• MONTELUKAST

other drug for asthma

Answer 17

Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists

Question 18

• OMALIZUMAB

other drug for asthma

Answer 18

monoclonal antibody, selects for IgE

Question 19

AGENTS CONTRAINDICATED IN ASTHMA

Answer 19

• non-selective COX inhibitors eg ibuprofen, aspirin

* Beta blocker!

Question 20

asthma therapy

Answer 20

if saba no good, add glucocor, if still no good, add laba
then add a whole lot of stuff
then add oral prednisolone

Question 21

drug for COPD

Answer 21

MUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST
IPATROPIUM BROMIDE
airway relaxation (bronchodilator)

Question 22

SABA target wich receptor

Answer 22

Beta 2 adrenoreceptor agonist

Question 23

what was used most (pharmacological herbal therapy

Answer 23

multivitamin
fish oil
vit c
......
...
...
...
Ginkgo biloba
St Johns wort
valerian

Question 24

fish oil

Answer 24

better than statin

Question 25

wen to take fish oil

Answer 25

taking fish oil 2-3 times a wk reduce risk of mortality in those with history of myocardial infarction

taking 1gm/day daily reduce risk of myocardial infarction

Question 26

st johns wort

Answer 26

inhibit synaptic reuptake for serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine

Question 27

st johns wort

Answer 27

inhibit synaptic reuptake for serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine

hyperforin induces CYP3A4

but lots of interaction with other drugs

Question 28

st johns wort interaction with which durgs

Answer 28

digoxin
warfarin
oral contraceptive pill
cyclosporin
HIV drugs

Question 29

serotonin

Answer 29

antidepressant activy

Question 30

serotonin

Answer 30

antidepressant activy

reduce PMS symptoms n mood

Question 31

curcumin /tumeric

Answer 31

antiinflammatory
antioxidant
protects agains neurodegeneration, promotes neurogenesis n neuronal plasticity

Question 32

chasteberry

Answer 32

helps with pms

Question 33

side effect of CM

Answer 33

Mild GIT upset is the most common side effect of CM.