Abdomen Viscera Anatomy Flashcards
oesophagus enters cardia of stomach at
T11
arterial supply of the oesophagus
– Upper 1/3
Inferior thryoid artery
arterial supply of the oesophagus
– Middle 1/3:
Descending aorta
arterial supply of the oesophagus
Lower 1/3
Lower 1/3: Left gastric artery
functional sphinctor example
Lower esophageal sphincter
Anatomical sphincter
Pyloric sphincter
first part of duo vs parts 2,3,4
intraperitoneal (has mesentery at duodenal cap)
all other parts (plus part of first part) is retroperitoneal
coeliac trunk level
T12
SMA level
L1
IMA level
L3
McBurney’s pnt
2/3 from umbilicus , and one third from ASIS
artery supply of large intestine
Going clock wise, from SMA: jejunal n ileal intestinal artery Iliocolic artery right colic middle colic from IMA: accessory colic left colic sigmoid artery last one is superior rectal artery
artery supply of large intestine
Going clock wise, from SMA: Iliocolic artery right colic middle colic from IMA: accessory colic left colic sigmoid artery last one is superior rectal artery
unpaired viscera with no mesentery
duodenum (distal to duodenal cap) pancreas (except for tail) and pancreatic ducts bile duct ascending colon descending colon rectum
unpaired viscera with mesentery
abdominal part of oesophagus stomach duodenal cap liver gall bladder spleen tail of pancreas jejunum ; ileum caecum & appendix transverse colon sigmoid colon
layers of viscera
from back to front
paired viscera
unpaired viscera without mesentery
unpaired viscera with mesentery
abdominal aorta
from T12 to L4 where it splits into right and left common iliac artery
paired viscera
kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands
abdominal aorta
from T12 to L4 where it splits into right and left common iliac artery
foregut
from abdominal oesophagus to major duodenal papilla
Including biliary tract, liver, pancreas, spleen
pancreas blood supply
gets blood supply from both foregut and SMA
midgut
from major duodenal papilla to 2/3 distal transverse colon
hindgut
from 2/3 distal transverse colon to upper part/half way of anal canal
oesophagus consrictions
pharynx
arch of aorta
left main bronchus
diaphragm
oeso constriction:
1. where Pharynx joins oesophagus
C6. 15 cm away from teeth
eoso constriction
2. where arch of aorta crosses it.
T4. 22 cm away from teeth
oeso constriction
3. where left main broncus crosses it.
T5. 27 cm away from teeth
oeso constriction
4. at diagphragm oesophageal aperture.
T10.
oesophagus is behind?
trachea, aorta and left atrium of heart
where does venous blood of the lower 1/3 of the esophagus drain to?
– Left gastric vein
and then into Portal vein
– Functional sphincter
Lacks a localised thickening of muscle, so achieves contraction using external muscles around it
the structures around it can compress
– Anatomical sphincter
Has a localised thickening of muscle
stomach muscle layers
innermost-oblique
circular
longitudinal
superior/first part of duodenum
“intraperitoneal”
L1
COMMON SITE FOR DUODENAL ULCER
attachment site for hepatodeuodenal ligament of lesser momentum
descending/2nd part of duodenum
L2
where theres sphinctor of ODDi, MDP/ampulla of water
inferior/3rd part of duodenum
L3
passes behind SMA
ascending/4th part of duodenum
L2
(curves upwards from L3 to L2)
to join jejunum at DJ flexure
arterial supply of first part and to MDP of second part
of duodenum
superior pancreaticoduodenal
arterial supply of after MDP of second part, and third part and fourth part of duo
infeiror pancreaticoduodenal (from SMA)
jejunum where
left upper quadrant
ileum where
right lower quadrant
jejunum features
thicker heavier walls
less mesenteric fat
many place cirularis
ileum features
thinner lighter walls
more mesenteric fat
peyer’s patches
jejunum vascularity
greater
(fewer arcades
longer vasa recta
ileum vascularity
poorer vascularity
(more arcades
shorter vasa recta
caecum -intraperitoneal or retro?
intraperitoneal
appendix-intraperitoneal or retro?
intraperitoneal
with mesentry
intraperitoneal
‘free’/mobile
without mesentry
retroperionteal
‘fixed’
poodle
SMV, IMV and splenic drain into portal vein
