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PSMA > PHARMACOG - Finals > Flashcards

PHARMACOG - Finals Flashcards

1
Q

coined Pharmacognosy

A

JA Schimdt

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2
Q

Clay tablets

A

Babylonians

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3
Q

Paper scrolls

A

Egyptians

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4
Q

Father of Modern Medicine

A

Hippocrates

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5
Q

De Materia Medica Libri Cinque

A

Pedanius Dioscorides

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6
Q

Analecta Pharmacognostica

A

SA Seydler

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7
Q

is a formulation compounded by Galen and is still used
until now Aka Galen’s cerate

A

Cold Cream

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8
Q

Lehrbuch der Materia Medica

A

JOHANN ADAM SCHMIDT

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9
Q

Father of Botany

A

Theophrastus

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10
Q

Cinchona succirubra
- antimalarial

A

Quinine

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11
Q

1,3,7,-trimethylxanthine
Xanthine or Purine alkaloid
CNS stimulant or diuretic

A

Caffeine

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12
Q

Papaver somniferum
- alkaloid
- undergo demethylation to
release its activity
-opioid analgesic, antitussive

A

Codeine

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13
Q

-opioid analgesic
-Frederick Serturner

A

Morphine

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14
Q

-Tropane/Solaneceous alkaloid
-Anticholinergic

A

Hyoscyamine

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15
Q

-Tropane/Solaneceous alkaloid
-Antitussive

A

Noscapine

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16
Q

-Anticholinergic
-Rudolf Brandes + Philipp Geiger

A

Atropine

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17
Q

-Alcohol glycoside
- Anti-inflamatory
- Analgesic
- Antipyretic
- Parent compound of salicylic acid
-From willow bark

A

Salicin

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18
Q

-Pyridine-piperidine alkaloid
-Smoking deterrent

A

Nicotine

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19
Q

-Anesthetic
- Erythroxylum coca
- Divine plant of Incas

A

Cocaine

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20
Q

-most active pyschomimetic agent

A

LSD

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21
Q

-opioid analgesic
-Antitussive

A

Codeine

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22
Q
  • structural component in plants
  • adsorbent & thickening agent
A

CELLULOSE

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23
Q

for rigidity of cell walls

A

SUBERIN

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24
Q

-protective barrier of plant

A

CUTIN

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25
Q

-stored for of energy

A

STARCH

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26
Q

-protein that maintain osmotic pressure

A

ALBUMIN

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27
Q

-component of cell wall of fungi and backbone of invertebrates

A

CHITIN

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28
Q

stored form of energy in plants and animals
- stored in liver

A

GLYCOGEN

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29
Q

aka solvent

A

MENSTRUUM

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30
Q

undissolved portion of the drug that remains after the extraction process

A

MARC

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31
Q

is the product of extraction
process

A

PERCOLATE/EXTRACTIVE

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32
Q

broad term referring to the study of plants by humans

A

ETHNOBOTANY

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33
Q

refers to the use of plants by humans as medicine

A

ETHNOMEDICINE

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34
Q

the sum total of all non-mainstream medical practices, usually excluding so called “western” medicine

A

TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

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35
Q

-natural relationship among plants and animals

A

Phylogeny

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36
Q

group species

A

GENUS

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37
Q

Sleep-producing

A

SPECIES

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38
Q

group pf genera sharing certain traits

A

FAMILY

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39
Q

Are vegetable or animal drugs that consist of natural substances
that have undergone only the processes of collection and drying

A

CRUDE DRUGS

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40
Q

special or modified drying process that uses Nitrate to enhance properties

A

CURING

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41
Q

Final step in prep of crude drugs

A

GARBLING

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42
Q

TEST ANIMAL
-Phenol Coefficient
-Cardiovascular
-Insulin & Tubocurarine

A

-Mice
-Turtles
-Rabbits

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43
Q

TEST ANIMAL
-Corticotropin injection and Vasopressin or ADH
-Glucagon
-Oxytocin
-Digoxin

A

-Rats
-Cat
-Chicken
-Pigeon

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44
Q

Borntrager test
Froth test
Hemolysis test

A

-Pink-Red color
-Honey comb
-Coagulation

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45
Q

-Libermann-burchard
-Kedde
-Keller-Killiani
-Guignard

A

Green
Violet
Reddish-Brown
Red

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46
Q

-collective term for sepals
- outermost whorl
- generally green
- petal-like

A

CALYX (Sepal)

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47
Q
  • collective term for petal
  • second whorl
  • either white or bright colored to attract
    pollinators
A

COROLLA

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48
Q

-third circle
- female part
- made up of Carpel or Pistil

A

GYNOECIUM

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49
Q

-receives whatever pollinators brought

A

STIGMA

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50
Q

-fourth whorl
- male part
- made up of Stamen
- composed of Filament and Anther

A

ANDROECIUM

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51
Q

CORK aka

A

Phellem

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52
Q

Cork-Cambium aka

A

PHELLOGEN

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53
Q
  • converts electromagnetic energy into chemical potential
A

LIGHT REACTIONS

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54
Q
  • consists of enzymatic reactions that utilize the energy from
    the light reactions to fix carbon dioxide into sugar
A

DARK REACTIONS

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55
Q

Dark Reaction aka

A

CALVIN CYCLE

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56
Q

Products of Calvin Cycle

A

Sucrose, Oxygen, Water

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57
Q

first sugar formed during photosynthesis and also the main
transport material

A

SUCROSE

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58
Q

most important monosaccharide found in plant

A

HEXOSE

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59
Q

Starch when hydrolyzed yields

A

glucose

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60
Q

Inulin when hydrolyzed yields ____

A

FRUCTOSE

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61
Q

used to detect the presence of glucose in the urine; test for the presence of reducing sugar

A

BENEDICT’S TEST

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62
Q

“Grape sugar” “Corn sugar” “Dextrose”

-most abundant form of glucose  reducing sugar  obtained by controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch

A

D-GLUCOSE

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63
Q

a crystalline dextrose monohydrate that has undergone less rigorous purification

A

DEXTROE EXCIPIENT

64
Q

calcium salts of 7 and 5 carbon acids

A

CALCIUM GLUCEPTATE AND CALCIUM LEVULINATE

65
Q

Prophylactic dose of Ferrous gluconate

A

325mg / day

66
Q

from rigorous purification of high-conversion hydrolysates

A

CRYSTALLINE DEXTROSE

67
Q

product obtained by incomplete hydrolysis of starch

A

LIQUID GLUCOSE

68
Q

“Brain sugar”
- C4 epimer of glucose

A

GALACTOSE

69
Q

C2 epimer of glucose

A

MANNOSE

70
Q

Test used to identify mannose

A

Osazone Test

71
Q

“Levulose” “Fruit Sugar” “D-fructopyranose”

A

FRUCTOSE

72
Q

test used to identify fructose

A

SELIWANOFF’S TEST

73
Q

AKA Fructosan

A

INULIN

74
Q

most abundant form of glucose

A

beta-dextro glucose

75
Q

from controlled enzymatic hydrolysis of starch

A

DEXTRATES

76
Q

prepared by controlled acid hydrolysis of corn
starch

A

LIQUID GLUCOSE

77
Q

prepared by controlled enzymatic isomerization
of glucose

A

HIGH FRUCTOSE SWEETENERS

78
Q

has bacteriostatic and preservative

A

SUCROSE

79
Q

“Beer sugar”  produced by diastatic fermentation (Barley)

A

MALTOSE

80
Q

Milk Sugar
-used as tablet diluent

A

LACTOSE

81
Q

-Found in yeast and ergot

A

TREHALOSE

82
Q

enzymatic breakdown of cellulose

A

CELLOBIOSE

83
Q

“Lilac” “Duphalac”  semi-synthetic sugar prepared by alkaline rearrangement of
lactose  fructose + galactose

A

LACTULOSE

84
Q

Acetic acid + Lactic acid

A

Lactulose

85
Q

Glucose + Galactose

A

Lactose

86
Q

Glucose + Fructose

A

Sucrose

87
Q

Glucose + Xylose

A

Primverose

88
Q

-liquid left

A

BUTTERMILK

89
Q

milk left after the separation of the cream

A

SKIMMED MILK

90
Q

added with renin, an enzyme that coagulates casein, it will form a

A

CASEIN

91
Q

an enzyme that coagulates casein
present in skimmed milk

A

RENNIN

92
Q

proper treatment of coagulum
- coagulum coagulum + rennin n

A

CHEESE

93
Q
  • liquid separated from the coagulum
  • contains lactose and inorganic salts+ renni
A

WHEY

94
Q

important component of Krebs cycle being the first compound formed

A

CITRIC ACID

95
Q
  • 2-Hydroxybutanedioic acid (C4H6O5)
    -common in apples
A

MALIC

96
Q

is used to differentiate tartaric acid
and citric acid

A

DENIGE’S TEST

97
Q

Denige’s Test
Tartaric
Citric

A

Emerald Green
Carmine Red

98
Q

from the distillation of wine which yields 35-60% alc content

A

BRANDY

99
Q

from fermented malted grain

A

WHISKEY

100
Q

-from fermented molasses

A

RUM

101
Q

diagnostic aid to Renal function because it measures the Glomerular Filtration Rate,

A

MANNITOL

102
Q

Sorbitol + _____

A

-used for urologic irrigation

103
Q
  • carboxymethyl ether of starch
  • a form of superdisintegrant
    -a semi-synthetic material
A

SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLATE

104
Q
  • slightly soluble to soluble in cold water
  • used as a primary excipient
A

PREGLATINIZED STARCH

105
Q

-antidote for iodine poisoning

A

STARCH SUSPENSION

106
Q

Amylose + Iodine =

A

Deep Blue Complex

107
Q

Amlyopection + Iodine =

A

Blue Violet or Purple color

108
Q

“absorbent cotton”
main source of cellulose

A

PURIFIED COTTON

109
Q
  • component of artificial tears that
A

Methylcellulose Hydroxyethylcellulose

110
Q

used as a surgical aid and may NOT
contain MORE than 1.25% of titanium

A

PURIFIED RAYON

111
Q

“Soluble gun cotton”
- used in the preparation of collodion
and flexible collodion,

A

PYROXYLIN

112
Q

Flexible Colloidon
Camphor ___
Castor Oil ___

A

2%
3%

113
Q

2 acids involved in prep of pyroxylin

A

Nitric acid
Sulfuric acid

114
Q

-pathologic products (produced by plants as a protective after an injury)

A

GUMS

115
Q
  • form slimy masses or thick paste
  • physiologic products (produced naturally)
A

MUCILAGE

116
Q

Goat’s horn

A

TRAGACANTH

117
Q
  • main component - present for about 60-70% in the gum
A

bassorin

118
Q

“demethoxylated bassorin”
- 30-40% conc (minor component)

A

TRAGANTHIN

119
Q

Tragacanth commercial grade

Almost colorless and nearly translucent

A

No. 1

120
Q

GUM ARABIC

-thickening agent and emulsification

A

ACACIA

121
Q

INDIAN GUM

binder in compressed tablets

A

GHATTI GUM

122
Q

STERCULIA GUM
-most unpleasant smelling gum (fetid odor of trees)
- least soluble among the shrub/tree exudate
- forms a discontinuous type of mucilage
- used as bulk laxative

A

KARAYA GUM

123
Q

Sodium alginate + Alginic acid

A

ALGIN

124
Q

ALGIN
-main constituent
-oxidized form of mannose

A

MANNURONIC ACID

125
Q

Japanese Isinglas

A

Agar

126
Q

-non-gelating
-thickener
-phlogistic agent

A

λ-carrageenan (Lambda)

127
Q

Danish agar

A

Furcellaran

128
Q

Synonym: → Psyllium seed, Plantain seed

A

PLANTAGO SEED

129
Q
  • Synonym: Cydonium
    thixotropic in lotion
A

QUINCE SEED

130
Q

Carob pulp and St. John’s Bread

A

LOCUST BEAN GUM

131
Q

Guaran

A

GUAR GUM

132
Q
  • Alpha-1,6-linked polyglucan
  • a 10% solution can be used as an adjunct in the treatment of
A

DEXTRAN

133
Q
  • insoluble form of pectin which is found in fruits
  • converted into a soluble form by heating the fruit
A

PROPECTIN

134
Q

Tx of gastric ulcer

A

MASTIC GUM

135
Q

Gum component of Movicol

A

KARAYA

136
Q
A
137
Q

the antidote for digoxin poisoning

A

DIGIFAB

138
Q

Foxglove:

A

Digitalis purpurea

139
Q

Grecian Foxglove:

A

Digitalis lanata

140
Q

used to be the DOC for CHF

A

Digitoxin

141
Q
  • active component - not approved by FDA due to age related case
A

Convallotoxin

142
Q

“Black Indian Hemp” “Dog Bane”

A

APOCYNUM

143
Q

“Pheasant’s EYE

A

ADONIS

144
Q

“Night Blooming Cereus”

A

CACTUS GRANDIFLORUS

145
Q

Christmas Rose

A

Black HelleBore

146
Q

BH
glycosidal, cardiac stimulant (inotropic)

A

BLACK

147
Q

BH
alkaloidal, cardiac depressant

A

GREEN AND WHITE

148
Q
  • used before as a arrow poison
  • 3rd most important glycoside available in the market
A

G. Strophantin

149
Q

Used as expectorant.
Scillarenin (more active)

A

Squill

150
Q

Squil
_____ is not used in medical purposes and used as
rodenticide

A

RED VARIETY

151
Q

“Oleander”
Genocide in Sri Lanka

A

Adelfa

152
Q

test for anthranols

A

SCHONTETEN’S TEST
(+) green flor.

153
Q

Found in Lane’s Pills

A

Cascara Sagrada

154
Q

Senna
Best Grade
Poorest Grade

A

Blue-Green
Yellow

155
Q

A mixture of neutral principles obtained from Goa powder
– Not employed as cathartic because it is too irritating to use

A

CHRYSAROBIN

156
Q

____ used to extract Chrysarobin

A

HOT BENZENE

PSMA (15 decks)

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