Hospital Pharmacy II Flashcards
Sum total of those activities necessary for
acquisition, storage, sale, disposal or use of materials
Inventory Management
Functions of Inventory Management (2)
- Operational
- Financial
Inventory control turn-over rate
Annual Purchase/
Annual Inventory
Medicinal mixtures using plants, animals, and minerals
dates back ______
4000 years
In ______ (year), ____% of prescriptions in the first U.S. Pharmacopoeia were compounds
In 1820, 80%
do not necessarily treat everyone, are not always commercially available
Premade Dosages
2 Examples of Premade Dosages
Pediatric doses
Hospice patients
Type of compounding done in vertical hood or on clean work surface as stated in USP <795>
Non–sterile compounding
Non-Sterile Compounding done as stated in USP ______
795
NS Compounding | Common Items
Creams, ointments, oral suspensions
NS Compounding | Less Items
Capsules, suppositories, syringe
Measuring liquids requires reading a ______
meniscus
Solution - larger part
Solvent
Solution - ingredient used in solvent
Solute
will dictate the type of dosage form that needs to be prepared
Solubility
Reconstitution of _______ may be done away from the compounding area
premade oral suspensions
used for forming types of oral dosage forms
Molds
disintegrate quickly when they come into contact with moisture
Molded Tablets
can be made one at a time or in multiple doses
Tablets or Lozenges
Normally made with flavors to enhance their taste
and sugar
Lozenges
3 Types of Lozenges
Hard, Soft, Chewable
Applied directly to a site on the body that needs treatment
Medication sticks
Hydrophobic base
Ointment
Suppository Bases
Oleaginous bases
Water-soluble bases
Glycerinated gelatins
Factors affecting stability (3)
Amount of light and air
Temperature
pH alters longevity
_____ forms have longer shelf life than liquid forms
Solid
It is easier for a liquid product to ____ or for its components to
separate
degrade
Log book
Compounding record (CR)
Recipe book
Formulation record (FR)
Many medications can degrade with ______ exposure;
ultraviolet (UV) light
often called Total Parenteral
Nutrition (TPN)
Central Parenteral Nutrition
TPN is delivered into a ___ vein
central
Delivered into a smaller or peripheral vein
Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN)
Hypertonic solution
> 300mOsm/L of dextrose and amino acids
1960, University of Pennsylvania
(3 Doctors)
Dr. Stanley J. Dudrick,
Dr. Jonathan E. Rhoads
Dr. Douglas Wilmire
Requires a catheter or port
that empties into the superior
or inferior vena cava
Total Parenteral Nutrition
if lipid is added directly to
the solution
Total Nutrient Admixture or
3-in-1 or All-in-One
Parenteral Nutrition
Pre-Mixed Total Nutrient Admixture Brands (3)
Vitrimix
Kabiven
Nutripack
Nutritional support that supplements oral intake and provide only part of the daily nutritional requirements.
Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition
Patient needs IV nutritional support but does not have a central line
Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition
Therapy is expected to be short term (10-14 days)
Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition
Energy and protein needs are moderate, Fluid restriction is not necessary
Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition
Peripheral PN Formulation Osmolarity is ___
<600-900 mOsm/L
when one or more sterile
products are added to an IV fluid
for administration
IV Admixture
it is prepared with aseptic
technique or environment
provided by laminar flowhood, in
which the air is filtered through
HEPA (high efficiency particulate
air) filter
IV Admixture
Involves procedures designed to preclude contamination by microorganisms during processing.
Aseptic Preparation
bypasses the skin andgastrointestinal tract, the bodies natural barriers to infection
Parenteral Administration
Parenteral medications account for ___ of all medications administered in institutional practice
> 40%
HEPA filter meaning
High Efficiency Particulate Air filter
removes 99.97% of all air particles 0.3mm or larger
HEPA filter
best way to determine the
proper functioning of a HEPA filter is
to use the ________
test using the vapor at room
temperature
dioctylphthalate (DOP)
All aseptic manipulations should be performed at least ___ within the hood.
6 inches
Laminar Flow mostly run for ______ if turned off & back on
15-30 minutes
Materials for cleaning Laminar Flow Workbenches
-70% Isopropyl Alcohol
-Lint-free cloth
Demands meticulous “NO – TOUCH” technique, EVERY TIME!
Aseptic preparation
Aseptic Prep:
To prevent contamination
Swab rubber closure with 70% alcohol using firm strokes in
the SAME direction
Aseptic Prep:
To prevent core formation
○ Insert needle to penetrate the rubber closure at same point
with both tip and heel of bevel
Aseptic Prep:
To vacuum contamination
Inject an equal amount of air for the volume of fluid to be
removed
Aseptic Prep:
Reconstituting drug powder
Remove an equal amount of air for the volume of diluent
added
Ampule
DO NOT BREAK TOWARD _____
HEPA FILTER
A trolley for storing lifesaving
drugs and equipment in a
hospital ER, ICU, clinics and
other areas
Crash Cart
Characterized by being easily
movable and readily
accessible
Crash Cart
ACLS meaning
Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)
3 Types of Crash Cart
Adult E-cart
Pediatric E-cart
Newborn Intensive Care E-cart
All carts will be opened and checked for contents _____
Once monthly and following each
use
________ will be checked prior to
placement on the cart and monthly.
Laryngoscopes
______ is replaced when the tank
has emptied.
Oxygen cylinder
CODE RED
Fire
CODE BLACK
Bomb Threat
CODE PURPLE
Hostage Taking
CODE WHITE
Actual or Potential Behavior
CODE YELLOW
Missing Patient
CODE BROWN
Hazardous Material Spill/Leak
CODE GREY
Infrastructure Loss/Air Exclusion
CODE ORANGE
External Disaster
CODE GREEN
Evacuation
CODE BLUE
Cardiac Arrest / Medical Emergency
is designed to assist students in
exploring career options through practical training. The
program provides students opportunity to acquire
knowledge and develop their skills in the hospital
pharmacy.
Hospital Pharmacy Internship Program
A practice in which the pharmacist utilizes his professional judgment in the application of pharmaceutical sciences to foster the safe and appropriate use of drugs, in or by patients, while working with members of the health care team
CLINICAL PHARMACY
provision of oral or written information about drugs & other health-related information to a patient or his / her representative during the dispensing process or stay in hospital
Patient Counseling