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MDTA > Pharmacodynamics > Flashcards

Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

0
Q

How do drugs act?

A

By combination with specific receptors

By alteration of enzyme processes

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1
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

How a drug reacts to the body

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2
Q

Where do drugs act?

A 
Receptors
DNA
Ion channels
Hormones
Enzymes
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3
Q

Agonists

A

Bind to receptor

Activates it

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4
Q

Partial agonist

A

Bind to receptor

Can elicit same magnitude of response as full agonist

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5
Q

Antagonist

A

Only bind to receptor
Inhibit stimulation
Antidotes to agonists

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6
Q

What are the 2 types of antagonism?

A

Competitive

Non-competitive

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7
Q

What are the 4 properties of drug action?

A

Specificity (for a receptor)

Selectivity (how good drug is at subtype of rec rather than another)

Potency (refers to CONC that is required to produce effect)

Efficacy (max effect)

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8
Q

Emax

A

Max effect a drug can have (measure if efficacy)

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9
Q

EC50

A

Effect of drug, at half given conc (measure of potency)

When efficacy is at 50%

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10
Q

Efficacy

A

Max effect of drug

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11
Q

Potency

A

A comparative measure

Refers to different doses if 2 drugs needed to produce the same effect

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12
Q

40g furosemide & 2mg bumetamide produce the same effect. Which is most potent?

A

Bumetamide

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13
Q

What drug must you never give to an asthmatic?

A

B blockers!

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14
Q

Give an example of a coumarin antagonist and what it blocks

A

Warfarin

Blocks epoxide reductase

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15
Q

What’s the antidote to warfarin?

A

Vitamin K

Competes with warfarin, so clotting factors can then be produced

16
Q

Tolerance

A

Loss of response to a drug

Eg morphine - have to keep inc dose to get same benefits (get side effects, eg constipation)

17
Q

Tachyphylaxis

A

Rapid loss of response

18
Q

Desensitisation

A

Loss of response

Associated with receptors

19
Q

Resistance

A

Loss of response

To chemotherepeutic agents

20
Q

How may tolerance occur?

A

⬇️ no.of rec
⬇️ in response prod by rec
⬇️ in conc of drug @ rec

21
Q

What is pharmacokinetic tolerance?

A

⬇️ in conc of drug @ rec

Drug speeds up its own metabolism

22
Q

Do elderly patients require more or less warfarin than a younger patient to produce the same effect?

A

Less warfarin

23
Q

What 5 factors influence QOL?

A 
Mobility
Self care
Anxiety/depression
Pain/discomfort 
?
24
Q

In what conditions is warfarin sensitivity increased?

A

Liver disease
Heart failure
Elderly
(If overdose= bleed)

25
Q

Sources of vitamin K

A 
Brussels sprouts
Broccoli 
Spinach
Cauliflower
(Don't eat loads of these/ take vitamins if you are on warfarin)
26
Q

What drugs have withdrawal effects?

A

Corticosteroids
B blockers
Antidepressants
Anticonvulsants

MDTA (20 decks)

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