CR: Too many lymphoid cells Flashcards
Normal platelet levels?
150-400 ✖️ 10 power 9
What is normal Hb in women & men?
What do B cells secrete?
IgM at first
Change to Igg when they become memory cells
Main protein in serum?
Albumin
Lymphocytosis
Raised lymphocyte count
Lymphocytes= T & B cells
Above normal =
1-4.5 ✖️ 10 power 9
What is the main virus that causes lymphocytosis?
EBV
Where are defects in acute leukaemia?
Early B cell precursors
Where do malignancies occur in lymphoma/ chronic leukemia?
Mature cells
Myeloma
Malignancy of terminally differentiated B lymphocytes (these cells secrete Ig)
Malignancy if plasma cells
How can myelomas damage bones?
Ball if malignant plasma cells
Recruit osteoclasts that ‘eat bone’
Holes
Fractures - pain on weight baring regions
Other features of myeloma (end organ damage)
Renal impairment- myeloma kidney caused by Ig damage
Hypercalcaemia- bone lysis
Recurrent infection
Anaemia
‘CRAB’
MGUS
Paraprotein in urine
No end organ damage
Myeloma prognosis
In curable malignancy
Chemo
Bidphisphonates
Reduce infections/renal failure/ skeletal events/ pain
What is the communist malignancy in haematology?
Myeloma
Lymphomas
Malignant conditions of lymph system
Clonal proliferations of mature lymphoid cells
What age is Hodgkin’s lymphoma usually seen?
13 ish
60 ish
What viruses can be seen in lymphoma?
EBV
HIV
What is up regulated in Burkitt’s lymphoma?
Myc
What cella are seen in Hodgkins?
Reed- Sterberg cells
