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MDTA > Anticoagulants > Flashcards

Anticoagulants Flashcards

0
Q

Name the 4 cardinal signs of inflammation, seen in DVT

A 
Redness
Warmth
Swelling
Pain
(DVT is most common cause)
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1
Q

Name 3 factors that cause thrombosis

A
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2
Q

Risk factors for VENOUS thromboembolism

A 
Age
Weight
History of previous VTE
Operation type/duration
Presence of malignancy
❤️ failure (⬇️CO & V return)
Prolonged immobility
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3
Q

Risk factors for ARTERIAL thromboembolism

A 
Presence of AF
❤️ failure
Diabetes mellitis
Hypertension
History of previous/ stroke
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4
Q

Ideal anticoagulant

A

Rapid onset & offset
Predictable pharmacokinetics & anticoagulant response
Availability of safe antidote
Affordable
Orally active
No off-target effects, no need to monitor

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5
Q

What tissue factors does unfractionated heparin affect

A

Factor 2a & 10a

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6
Q

Why converts fibrinogen➡️fibrin?

A

Factor 2a

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7
Q

What tissue factor does low molecular weight heparin affect?

A

Factor 10a

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8
Q

Name a LMWH

A

Enoxaparin

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9
Q

What’s the 1/2 life of UFH?

A

1.5 hrs

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10
Q

1/2 life of LMWHs?

A

4 hrs

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11
Q

Whats the antidote for UFH overdose?

A

Protamine sulphate

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12
Q

Can our give a heparin orally?

A

NO

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13
Q

Antidote for warfarin overdose?

A

Vitamin K

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14
Q

What’s the name for factor 2?

A

Thrombin

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15
Q

What enzyme does Warfarin inhibit?

A

Vitamin K reductase

16
Q

What clotting factors does warfarin activate/ what are the vitamin K dependant clotting factors?

A

2, 7, 9 & 10

17
Q

What’s the healthy INR of someone not on anticoagulants?

A

0.8-1.2

18
Q

What’s the major adverse effect of warfarin?

A

Haemorrhage

19
Q

What’s the target INR for someone on Warfarin?

A

2.5

20
Q

Name a drug that inhibits warfarin metabolism

A

Amiodarone

Anti fungal agents

21
Q

What disease can result from pregnant women ingesting warfarin

A

Warfarin embryopathy = malformations

MDTA (20 decks)

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