Pharma 2.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Parkinson’s Disease caused by?

A

Caused by a degeneration
of neurons in the Substantia Nigra

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2
Q

What is this describing?
Akinésie, bradykinésie – trouble d’initiation du mouvement
Hypertonie de type rigidité, roue dentée
Tremblement au repos

A

Symptômes d’une dysfonction des NG (Parkinsons)

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3
Q

Thérapie de choix pour le Parkinson?

A

Therapy of choice is increasing Dopamine activity

L-DOPA

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4
Q

Que permet la structure en aa de la L-Dopa?

A

Fluctuations in therapy after few years of treatment
Fluctuation is due to reduced neurons that are alive

so long term not a great treatment. Although at the begining it is fantastic

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5
Q

L-DOPA needs to be metabolized to have an effect.

What does this mean in terms of administration?

A

L-Dopa associée à inhibiteur de Dopa décarboxylase périph. (IDDP carbidopa)

In order for the metabolism to only happen in the brain, it is given with carbidopa, MAO inhibitors, COMT inhibitors. Metabolism inhibitors that increase brain availability

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6
Q

Est-ce que les antiparkinsoniens ont une action neuroprotectrice?

A

unfortunatelly it doesn’t cure the disease

It only treats the symptoms…

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7
Q

Vrai ou faux? Plus le traitement avance, plus les dyskinésies diminuent car on arrive à bien corriger la dose.

A

FAUX, elles augmentent

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8
Q

Décrit le niveau de L-Dopa au début du Parkinson.

A

Au début de la maladie de Parkinson, il y a suffisamment de neurones survivants pour que la durée d’action de L-Dopa dépasse sa demi-vie (1-3heures)

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9
Q

Décrit les niveaux de L-Dopa dans un Parkinson avancé.

A

Baisse du nb de neurones DA survivants
Baisse de la fonction réservoir
Hausse des fluctuations motrices (ON-OFF)

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10
Q

Que fait-on pour réduire les fluctuations motrices du Parkinson?

A

fractionnement des doses: prise aux 2 heures au lieu de 4-6 heures
formes retard: libération progressive tube digestif

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11
Q

What is a hyper psychotic person?

What is the treatment?

A

People with Mesolimbic neruon hyperactivity

Too much dopamine -> need antipsychotics

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12
Q

Que sont les antipsychotiques?

A

Antagonistes des récepteurs dopaminergiques D2

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13
Q

Effet des anti-psychotique?

A

Bloquent les récepteurs D2
Baisse de l’activité mésolimbique
Réduisent surtout les effets positifs de la maladie

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14
Q

Comment agissent les antipsychotique de 1ere génération?

A

Since they are dopamine receptor blockers, they block activity in the mesolimbic but also in the striated nigra pathway

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15
Q

Effets indésirables des antipsychotiques de 1ere génération?

A

Since they are dopamine receptor blockers, they block activity in the mesolimbic but also in the striated nigra pathway -> parkinsons symptoms

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16
Q

Cause des EI des antipsychotique de 1ere génération?

A

Manque de sélectivité pour le tissu cible

Type 1 antipsychotics
This is a side effect due to lack of specificity for the target tissue.

Not target receptor as the receptors are the same

17
Q

Comment agissent les antipsychotiques de 2eme génération?

A

Type 2 antipsychotics (new generation)

Bloquent les 5-HT2A
Haussent de libération de DA dans la voie nigro-strié (contrebalance le blocage de D2 non désiré)

antagonist serotonin and dopamine but less parkinsonian risk!! -> the blocking of serotonin leads to more DA in nigro-striated pathway to counter balance the blocking

18
Q

Effet des inhibiteurs du transport vésiculaire des monoamines?

A

Terminaisons se vident de neurotransmetteurs

No more NTS in the neurons