Pharma 1.2 Flashcards

1
Q

Classiquement, les récepteurs sont classifiés d’après _______________________________.

A

l’ordre de puissances des agonistes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nomme les 3 systèmes d’évaluation de NA, A et ISO.

A

Contraction du muscle lisse vasculaire (vasoconstriction)
Relaxation du muscle lisse des voies respiratoires,
Augmentation de la fréquence cardiaque (réponse chronotrope positive).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nomme 4 catécholamines.

A

Noradrénaline
Adréanline
ISO
Dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or False:

adrenaline and noreadrenaline have the same effect on alpha-1 receptors

A

True,

Same strength

remember, alpha 1 = constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or False,

Adrenaline has more affinity for alpha1 then for beta (compared to NA)

A

False
NA has more affinity for alpha1 then for beta (compared to Adrenaine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What receptors do Adrenaline and NA have the same strength for?

A

NA and A have the same activity on b1 receptors as well as a1 receptors

(but not for beta 2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which catecholamine is this?
Un agent cardiostimulant (β1)
Plus puissant comme vasoconstricteur (α1) que vasodilatateur ou bronchorelaxant (β2)

A

noradrénaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Décrit l’ISO

A

substance synthétique - agoniste β adrénergique ‘ non-sélectif ’
profil de sélectivité est équilibré pour les récepteurs β1 et β2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Décrit MAO. What does this mean in terms of drug administration?

A

enzyme de dégradation

Attacks catecholamines
Degrades them

the liver IS RICH IN MAO -> cannot take catecholamines through oral admin as it would all get destroyed in the liver by MAO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Décrit la répartition du sang dans la circulation.

A

Au repos, ⅔ du volume sanguin total
se retrouvent dans les réservoirs veineux (abdomen, membres inférieurs).

Avec le passage à l’orthostation ou
l’activité physique, l’activation sympathique produit une vasoconstriction dans les réservoirs
veineux, de sorte qu’une proportion plus grande du sang revient au cœur droit, est oxygéné dans les poumons, et est éjecté par le VG.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Décrit la résistance vasculaire périphérique.

A

se situe principalement dans les petites artères et les artérioles, c’est-à dire là où il y a la dissipation (diminution) de pression la plus importante

Point is that what the system controls are the arterioles
-> Major control!!

For example, the sympathetic NS will increase blood flow in muscles during exercise and reduce to digestive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What kind of medications are Vasopresseurs?

A

Classe thérapeutique des a1 (soutenir la circulation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of drugs would be Agent inotropes?

A

Classe thérapeutique des B1 (stimuler les fonctions cardiaques)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of medication is Bronchodilatateurs?

A

Classe thérapeutique des B2 (soutenir les fonctions respiratoires)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of medication is phényléphrine (Phe)?

A

vassoconstrictors acting on a1-adrénergique.

Increases blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the difference between midodrine and phényléphrine (PHE)?

A

midodrine is also an alpha 1 stimulator
can be taken orally to help with hypotension (not MAO target)

17
Q

Mission du baroréflexe?

A

Stabiliser la PA en réponse à une changement de PA
Usually done by a control on heart rate

For example:
A sensing in increased BP is detected and an increase in paraS activity leads to reduced heart rate
Opposite is also true:
Il augmente le système sympathique

18
Q

Par quoi est augmenté l’intolérance orthostatique?

A

Postprandial
Déshydratation
Vieillissement
Medication

19
Q

Traitement de l’hypotension orthostatique?

A

Modification des comportements : prudence
Exercices (e.g. aquaforme)
Hydratation
Complémenté au besoin par des médicaments (midodrine)

20
Q

Would Vantolin be a good treatments for hypotension orthostatique?

A

False
midodrine

21
Q

What type of medication:
need to be administered via nasal vaporisation reduces blood flow in conjested area not rec. for prolonged use

A

vassoconstrictors acting on a1

Après vaporisation nasale, ces médicaments produisent localement une vasoconstriction des petits vaisseaux, entrainant l’effet décongestionnant

22
Q

vassoconstrictors acting on a1 applicaiton for eyes?

A

Réduisent les rougeurs de l’œil

23
Q

Effet des stimulants a1 sur le coeur?

A

Rien. Only b1 receptors

24
Q

What is isoproterenol (ISO)?

A

isoproterenol (ISO)
non selective for b1 b2

The issue with not being selective it that you act on the heart. Specifically this one causes arrhythmia in some patients!! (b1 activity)

Therefore, prefer b2 selective

25
Q

Effet de l’isoprotérénol sur les vaisseaux?

A

Chute de la pression artérielle diastolique

(acts on B2 thus vasodilation)

26
Q

Effet de l’isoprotérénol sur les voies respiratoires?

A

Branchodilation

(acts on B2 thus vasodilation)

27
Q

What is salbutamol?

A

It is like isoproterenol but selective for B2

salbutamol (Vantolin)
b2 selective

Often used in emergency like asthma attack

Reduces cardiac issues!

28
Q

What is the effect of a1 antagonists ?

A

reduce pressure

No issues with the heart as no interaction with beta

Can be used to recover usrinary flow

29
Q

What can beta blockers be used for?

A

used in all types of coronary disease:
reduce chronotropy and inotrope actions that are due to sympathetic therefore lowering frequency and pulse

also used as hypo tensors:
makes no sense? how block b2 when that would reduce vasorelaxation?
reduces cardiac response to sympathetic NS (ionotropic negativ)
reduce renine production -> blocking the baroreceptors

30
Q

Effet de l’adrénaline sur la TA, la résistance périphérique, le débit cardiaque et la FC.

A

TA: ++
RP: +
DC: ++
FC: ++

a1 b1 b2

31
Q

Effet de la noradrénaline sur la TA, la résistance périphérique, le débit cardiaque et la FC.

A

TA: +++
RP: +++
DC: +
FC: =-

a1 b1

32
Q

Effet de la phényléphrine sur la TA, la résistance périphérique, le débit cardiaque et la FC.

A

TA: +++
RP: +++
DC: = ou -
FC: -

a1

33
Q

Effet de l’ISO sur la TA, la résistance périphérique, le débit cardiaque et la FC.

A

TA: +-
RP: –
DC: +++
FC: +++

b1 b2