PHARM Introduction to the Pharmacology of Hypertension - Week 10

Question 1

Hypertension definition based on systolic & diastolic readings.

Answer 1

> 140/>90.

Question 2

Definition of pulmonary HTN

Answer 2

> 40 systolic pulmonary pressure via R ventricular catheterisation.

Question 3

1st-4th line PHARM for HTN

Answer 3

ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, B-blockers.

Question 4

What 3 drug classes taken together place high-risk/elderly pts at risk of renal failure?

Answer 4

RASi + NSAIDs + diuretics.

Question 5

Why do RASi + NSAIDs + diuretics place pts at risk of renal failure? What should be monitored for pts on this drug schedule?

Answer 5

NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin production. Prostaglandins are involved in vasodilation of the afferent arteriole. ACE inhibitors/ARBs reduce angiotensin II production. Angiotensin II vasodilates the efferent arteriole. Diuretics reduce GFR. Thus, all three mechanism reduce GFR. Renal capacity to remove waste products from the body is hence reduced. For pts on this drug schedule, urea, electrolytes & creatinine should be monitored.

Question 6

Function of endothelin-1

Answer 6

Vasoconstriction/increased BP.