ICL Asthma - Week 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Asthma symptoms:
A
- Frequent, chronic cough
- Wheezing
- Night-time asthma episodes
- Chest pain
- Feeling tired.
2
Q
Asthma triggers:
A
- Aspirin -> increased leukotriene production
- Cold air exposure
- Air pollution
- Acid reflux
- Beta blockers
- Chemicals
- Cigarette smoke
- Dust mites
- Disinfectants
- Exercise
- Emotions
- Fungi
- Fragrances
- Food additives
- Grasses & pollens
- Humidity
- Infections
- Sulphites
3
Q
2 types of asthma:
A
- Extrinsic asthma – involves IgE/mast cell degranulation triggered by re-exposure to allergen
- Intrinsic – nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity
4
Q
Long term effects of asthma:
A
- Chemicals released by eosinophils -> hypertrophy of smooth muscle, oedema, scarring & fibrosis, thickening of BM, increased goblet cells & mucous production.
5
Q
Risk factors for asthma:
A
- Female (in most age groups)
- Smoking
- Pollution
- Allergies
- Occupation exposures
- Stress
- Genetics
- MHx and/or FHx (i.e., childhood asthma, eczema, hayfever)
6
Q
Lifestyle changes for asthma management
A
- Anti-inflammatory diet
- Healthy BMI
- Regular exercise
- Adherence to prescribed medication
- Smoking cessation
- Avoiding triggers
- Controlling stress & anxiety
- Vaccinations
7
Q
First line medication treatment of asthma
A
ICS + SABA
8
Q
Second line medication treatment of asthma
A
ICS + LABA
9
Q
What cannot be administered to asthmatics?
A
B-blockers.
