Pharm 2 Exam 3

Question 1

name a SABA

Answer 1

albuterol sulfate
(can still be taken if has a sulfa allergy)

Question 2

ADR of adrenergic agonists

Answer 2

tachycardia
tremor
hypokalemia

Question 3

name LABA examples

Answer 3

formoterol
salmeterol
vilanterol

Question 4

LABA CI

Answer 4

DO NOT USE AS MONOTHERAPY
do not use for exacerbations (salmeterol)

Question 5

terbutaline can also be used for ______, as well as asthma

Answer 5

stoping contractions

Question 6

terbutaline toxicity warnings

Answer 6

acidosis
rhabdomyolysis
SVT and afib
IV–> hypokalemia

Question 7

SAMA example

Answer 7

ipratropium bromide

Question 8

ADR of SAMA and LAMAs

Answer 8

dry mouth
nausea
metallic taste
urinary retention
tachycardia

Question 9

name a LAMA

Answer 9

tiotropium

Question 10

ADR of inhaled corticosteroids

Answer 10

oral candidiasis
sore throat
hoarseness

Question 11

pt education of ICS

Answer 11

rinse mouth after use

Question 12

name a leukotriene receptor antagonist

Answer 12

montelukast

Question 13

can montelukast be used as rescue therapy?

Answer 13

no

Question 14

ADR of montelukast

Answer 14

HA MC
flu-like sx

Question 15

name the sublingual immunotherapies

Answer 15

grass pollen- grazax and odactra
ragweed pollen- ragwitek

Question 16

omalizumab is a ____ antibody

Answer 16

IgE

Question 17

dupilumab is a ____ antibody

Answer 17

IL-4–> decreases cytokines

Question 18

mepiolizumab is a ____ antibody

Answer 18

IL-5–> eosinophil death

Question 19

black box warning of biologics used in asthma

Answer 19

anaphylaxis

Question 20

name an example of methylxanthine

Answer 20

theophylline

Question 21

use of theophylline

Answer 21

in hospital settings for severe asthma

Question 22

MOA of theophylline

Answer 22

inhibits phosphodiesterase

Question 23

theophylline ADR

Answer 23

narrow TI
seizures and arrhythmias

Question 24

theophylline DI

Answer 24

smoking increases elimination
CYP1A2, 2E1 and 3A4 substrate

Question 25

asthma exacerbation grading

Answer 25

> 80% GREEN- continue normal meds 50-80% YELLOW- use SABA < 50% RED- emergency, use SABA

Question 26

name a PDE-4 inhibitor

Answer 26

roflumilast

Question 27

use of PDE-4 inhibitors

Answer 27

adjunct used in severe cases

Question 28

PDE-4 inhibitor MOA

Answer 28

blocks PDE-4--> increases intracellular cAMP--> decreases inflammation

Question 29

ADR of PDE-4 inhibitors (roflumilast)

Answer 29

WL! psych issues

Question 30

DI of roflumilast

Answer 30

3A4 and 1A2 substrate

Question 31

COPD exacerbation sx

Answer 31

dyspnea sputum purulence increased sputum volume

Question 32

name a mineralocorticoid

Answer 32

fludrocortisone

Question 33

name 4 steroids and their associated numbers

Answer 33

fludrocortisone- 125 prednisone- 5 methylprednisolone- 4 dexamethasone- 0.75

Question 34

prednisone MOA

Answer 34

prodrug to prednisolone--> decreases CRH--> decreases cortisol suppresses immune system apoptosis in some tumor cells

Question 35

physiologic steroid dosing

Answer 35

amount secreted by body prednisone < 5 mg / day

Question 36

pharmacologic steroid dosing

Answer 36

low- 10 mg/ day intermediate- 30 mg/ day high- 60 mg/ day

Question 37

list stress dosing for pts on long term steroids

Answer 37

minor stress- 2x dose for 24-48 hrs severe stress- 10x dose for 48-72 hrs

Question 38

when do you need to taper steroids

Answer 38

use for > 2 wks

Question 39

name short, intermediate and long acting steroids

Answer 39

short- cortisone