Herbal, Botanical, and Nutritional Supplements Flashcards
main use of echinacea
decrease duration and intensity of cold symptoms
main use of garlic
reduce cholesterol and HTN
main use of ginkgo
dementia/ cerebral insufficiency
intermittent claudication
main use of ginseng
improvement of serum glucose and mental performance
main use of milk thistle
limitation of hepatic injury
antidote to mushroom poisoning
main use of St. John’s Wort
treatment of mild to moderate depression
main use of saw palmetto
improvement in symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
main use of black cohosh
relief of PMS and menopausal symptoms
main use of valerian root
anxiety and insomnia
main use of Co-Q10
CHF, HTN, statin-induced myopathy
Parkinson’s disease
main use of glucosamine
reduction of pain associated with osteoarthritis
main use of melatonin
sleep aid
ADR of echinacea
unpleasant taste, GI effects, dizziness, headache, high alcohol content possible
who should avoid use of echinacea?
immunocompromised and pregnant pts
ADRs of garlic
nausea, hypotension, allergic rxns, breath and body odor
who should avoid use of garlic medically?
pts on antiplatelet drugs
ADRs of ginkgo
GI effects, anxiety, insomnia, headache
who should avoid use of ginkgo?
pts on antiplatelet drugs or hx of seizures
ADRs of ginseng
estrogenic effects, insomnia, nervousness, HTN
who should avoid use of ginseng?
pts receiving anticoagulants, antihypertensives, hypoglycemics, or psychiatric meds
ADR of milk thistle
loose stools
ADRs of st. john’s wort
photosensitization, GI effects, decreases effectiveness of BC, cyclosporine, digoxin, HIV protease inhibitors, and warfarin
who should avoid St. John’s Wort?
pts on SSRIs, or MAO-Is (can lead to serotonin syndrome)
ADRs of saw palmetto
abdominal pain, GI distress, decreased libido, headache, HTN, rare cases: pancreatitis, liver damage, increased risk of bleeding
ADR of black cohosh
rash, headache, possible hepatic toxicity
ADR of valerian root
vivid dreams, dry mouth, GI upset, hangover effect
ADRs of Co-Q10
GI upset, rash, thrombocytopenia, irritability, dizziness, headache, can decrease effect of warfarin
ADRs of melatonin
sedation, next-day drowsiness, headache, can suppress mid-cycle surge of LH, can decrease prolactin levels, and sperm quality
Who should avoid melatonin?
pregnant women or women trying to conceive
ADR of fish oil
elevated LDL, GI effects, fishy burps, increased risk of bleeding
who should avoid fish oil?
pts on anticoagulants
